Immigrant enclaves and ethnic communities in New York and Los Angeles
Immigrant enclaves and ethnic communities in New York and Los Angeles
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DOI：
10.2307/3088897
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Zhang, WQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Logan, JR;Alba, RD;Zhang, WQ
1965年后的主要移民群体在许多美国城市和郊区建立了独特的定居点。这些地区通常被理解为“移民飞地”模式，中心城市的少数民族社区为相对贫困的新移民提供服务，作为最终与白色多数人进行空间同化的潜在基地。本文对这一模式和“民族社区”模式进行了评价。在种族社区模式中，即使在空间同化可行的情况下，群体偏好也可能导致隔离定居。对纽约和洛杉矶最大移民群体居住模式的分析表明，大多数族裔社区都可以被解释为移民飞地。然而，在某些情况下，居住在少数民族社区与经济限制无关，这表明人们对这些地区的积极偏好。郊区居住并不一定意味着生活在种族社区之外。事实上，对于一些群体来说，郊区飞地提供了一种同化的替代方案，这是一个地位相对较高的民族社区。
The predominant post-1965 immigrant groups have established distinctive settlement areas in many American cities and suburbs. These areas are generally understood in terms of an "immigrant enclave" model in which ethnic neighborhoods in central cities serve relatively impoverished new arrivals as a potential base for eventual spatial assimilation with the white majority. This model, and the "ethnic community" model, are evaluated here. In the ethnic community model, segregated settlement can result from group preferences even when spatial assimilation is otherwise feasible. Analysis of the residential patterns of the largest immigrant groups in New York and Los Angeles shows that most ethnic neighborhoods can be interpreted as immigrant enclaves. In some cases, however, living in ethnic neighborhoods is unrelated to economic constraints, indicating a positive preference for such areas. Suburban residence does not necessarily imply living outside of ethnic neighborhoods. Indeed, for several groups the suburban enclave provides an alternative to assimilation-it is an ethnic community in a relatively high-status setting.