Extension of corticocortical afferents into the anterior bank of the intraparietal sulcus by tool-use training in adult monkeys
Extension of corticocortical afferents into the anterior bank of the intraparietal sulcus by tool-use training in adult monkeys
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.11.020
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Iriki, Atsushi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hihara, Sayaka;Notoya, Tomonori;Iriki, Atsushi
当人类使用一种工具时，它就变成了手在身体上和感知上的延伸。常见的内省可能发生在受过工具使用培训的猴子身上，这应该依赖于大脑操作，不断更新和自动整合关于当前身体部位和工具的内在(躯体感觉)和外在(视觉)状态的信息。顶叶皮质在使用工具时起着重要的作用。幼猴顶内神经元对躯体感觉刺激的反应大多是单峰的，训练后这些神经元变成双峰活动，并对视觉刺激做出反应。这些神经元的反应特性会改变，以编码通过将工具同化到握持工具的手而修改的身体图像。在这项研究中，我们使用示踪技术比较了训练有素和幼稚的猴子视觉相关区域和顶叶皮质之间的投影模式。光学显微镜分析显示，在受过工具使用训练的猴子中，从颞顶交界处附近的高级视觉中心和前额腹外侧区到顶内区域出现了新的投射，但在幼稚的猴子中没有。经电子显微镜证实，受训猕猴皮质内传入神经的功能活动突触来自高级视觉中心至顶叶皮质。这些结果为成年猴子大脑皮质诱导新的神经连接提供了第一个具体证据，成年猴子大脑皮质伴随着这些动物的要求行为过程。(C)2005爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
When humans use a tool, it becomes an extension of the hand physically and perceptually. Common introspection might occur in monkeys trained in tool-use, which should depend on brain operations that constantly update and automatically integrate information about the current intrinsic (somatosensory) and the extrinsic (visual) status of the body parts and the tools. The parietal cortex plays an important role in using tools. Intraparietal neurones of naive monkeys mostly respond unimodally to somatosensory stimuli; however, after training these neurones become bimodally active and respond to visual stimuli. The response properties of these neurones change to code the body images modified by assimilation of the tool to the hand holding it. In this study, we compared the projection patterns between visually related areas and the intraparietal cortex in trained and naive monkeys using tracer techniques. Light microscopy analyses revealed the emergence of novel projections from the higher visual centres in the vicinity of the temporo-parietal junction and the ventrolateral prefrontal areas to the intraparietal area in monkeys trained in tool-use, but not in naive monkeys. Functionally active synapses of intracortical afferents arising from higher visual centres to the intraparietal cortex of the trained monkeys were confirmed by electron microscopy. These results provide the first concrete evidence for the induction of novel neural connections in the adult monkey cerebral cortex, which accompanies a process of demanding behaviour in these animals. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.