EXOBIOLOGY, THE STUDY OF THE ORIGIN, EVOLUTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF LIFE WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF COSMIC EVOLUTION - A REVIEW
EXOBIOLOGY, THE STUDY OF THE ORIGIN, EVOLUTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF LIFE WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF COSMIC EVOLUTION - A REVIEW
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DOI：
10.1016/0032-0633(94)00190-3
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
HORNECK, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HORNECK, G
外太空生物学研究的主要目标是更好地了解导致地球或宇宙其他地方生命起源、演化和分布的过程。在这项努力中，来自各个学科的科学家都参与其中，比如天文学、行星研究、有机化学、古生物学和包括微生物生态学和分子生物学在内的各种生物学分支学科。空间技术发挥着重要作用，它为探索我们的太阳系、收集地外样本以及利用空间的特殊环境作为工具提供了机会。外太空生物活动包括比较星际介质和太阳系行星及小天体中潜在生命前体化学演化的总体模式；追溯地球生命起源的历史；破译太阳系行星及其卫星的环境，在它们的整个历史中，关于它们的可居住性；寻找银河系中的其他行星系统和地外文明的信号；测试空间环境对抗性生命形式生存能力的影响。这种在宇宙进化背景下理解生命现象的进化方法最终可能有助于更好地理解调节地球上生命与其环境相互作用的过程。
The primary goal of exobiological research is to reach a better understanding of the processes leading to the origin, evolution and distribution of life on Earth or elsewhere in the universe. In this endeavour, scientists from a wide variety of disciplines are involved, such as astronomy, planetary research, organic chemistry, palaeontology and the various subdisciplines of biology including microbial ecology and molecular biology. Space technology plays an important part by offering the opportunity for exploring our solar system, for collecting extraterrestrial samples, and for utilizing the peculiar environment of space as a tool. Exobiological activities include comparison of the overall pattern of chemical evolution of potential precursors of life, in the interstellar medium, and on the planets and small bodies of our solar system; tracing the history of life on Earth back to its roots; deciphering the environments of the planets in our solar system and of their satellites, throughout their history, with regard to their habitability; searching for other planetary systems in our Galaxy and for signals of extraterrestrial civilizations; testing the impact of space environment on survivability of resistant life forms. This evolutionary approach towards understanding the phenomenon of life in the context of cosmic evolution may eventually contribute to a better understanding of the processes regulating the interactions of life with its environment on Earth.