Multidrug-Resistant and Clinically Relevant Gram-Negative Bacteria Are Present in German Surface Waters
Multidrug-Resistant and Clinically Relevant Gram-Negative Bacteria Are Present in German Surface Waters
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.02779
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发表时间：
2019-11-29
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Imirzalioglu, Can
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Falgenhauer, Linda;Schwengers, Oliver;Imirzalioglu, Can
水被认为在耐药性革兰氏阴性菌（包括编码超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）和碳青霉烯酶的革兰氏阴性菌）的传播中发挥作用。为了更详细地研究水对其传播的作用，我们使用表型和基因型方法表征了地表水和沉积物样品中产ESBL/碳青霉烯酶细菌。产ESBL/碳青霉烯酶分离株来自水/沉积物样品。确定菌种和抗生素耐药性。对这些分离株的一个子集（n = 33）进行全基因组测序，并分析抗生素耐药基因和毒力决定簇的存在。使用多位点序列类型和基于cgMLST的分析研究了它们与人类感染相关的分离株的相关性。89%的分离株由临床相关种属组成。58%表现出多药耐药表型。两个分离株携带移动的粘菌素抗性基因mcr-1。一种产碳青霉烯酶分离株被鉴定为携带bla（Vim-）的神户肠杆菌（1）。两个大肠埃希菌分离株具有与人类感染相关的序列类型（ST）（ST 131和ST 1485），肺炎克雷伯菌分离株被归类为高毒力。还检测到一种编码与囊性纤维化患者严重肺部感染相关的已知毒力基因的多药耐药（MDR）铜绿假单胞菌分离株。MDR和临床相关分离株在娱乐和地表水的存在下强调了水生环境作为MDR细菌的储存库和热点的作用。未来的水质评估应包括检查临床相关菌种的多药耐药性，从而在一个健康环境中提供关于MDR细菌传播的重要联系。
Water is considered to play a role in the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria including those encoding Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemases. To investigate the role of water for their spread in more detail, we characterized ESBL/Carbapenemase-producing bacteria from surface water and sediment samples using phenotypic and genotypic approaches. ESBL/Carbapenemase-producing isolates were obtained from water/sediment samples. Species and antibiotic resistance were determined. A subset of these isolates (n = 33) was whole-genome-sequenced and analyzed for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence determinants. Their relatedness to isolates associated with human infections was investigated using multilocus sequence type and cgMLST-based analysis. Eighty-nine percent of the isolates comprised of clinically relevant species. Fifty-eight percent exhibited a multidrug-resistance phenotype. Two isolates harbored the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1. One carbapenemase-producing isolate identified as Enterobacter kobei harbored bla(VIM-)(1). Two Escherichia coli isolates had sequence types (ST) associated with human infections (ST131 and ST1485) and a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate was classified as hypervirulent. A multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate encoding known virulence genes associated with severe lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients was also detected. The presence of MDR and clinically relevant isolates in recreational and surface water underlines the role of aquatic environments as both reservoirs and hot spots for MDR bacteria. Future assessment of water quality should include the examination of the multidrug resistance of clinically relevant bacterial species and thus provide an important link regarding the spread of MDR bacteria in a One Health context.