On new opportunities for absorptiometry.
On new opportunities for absorptiometry.
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关于吸收测定法的新机遇。
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
H. Frost
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Ferretti;H. Schiessl;H. Frost
机械负荷导致骨骼拉伤；造成最大拉伤的是肌肉力量，而不是体重。这些应变有助于控制骨建模和重塑对骨强度和“质量”的影响。当应变超过阈值范围时，建模会增加骨骼强度和“质量”。当应变保持在较小的阈值范围以下时，重塑开始去除骨髓旁边的骨头。因此，增加肌肉强度会增加骨骼强度和“质量”，而降低肌肉强度会降低骨骼强度和“质量”。雌激素明显降低了重塑阈值，从而减少了骨质流失。雌激素的丧失会提高导致骨髓附近骨质流失的阈值。这些事实有助于解释： 1. 老年人骨质流失。 2.初潮时女孩的骨“质量”增加。 3.更年期骨质流失。 4. 肥胖者的骨“质量”高于苗条者，举重运动员的骨“质量”高于马拉松运动员。 5.生理性骨质减少和真性骨质疏松的发病机制。因此，需要新的标准来确定骨骼和肌肉力量之间的关系，以及性别、年龄、种族、疾病、内分泌状态、营养、维生素和矿物质摄入量、药物、青春期和更年期的函数。获得这些标准并研究这种关系为涉及双能 X 射线吸收测定法 (DXA) 和外围定量计算机断层扫描 (pQCT) 以及也许有一天，超声波和磁共振成像 (MRI) 技术的研究提供了许多新的机会。
Mechanical loads cause bone strains; and muscle forces, not body weight, cause the largest strains. The strains help to control the effects of bone modeling and remodeling on bone strength and "mass." When strains exceed a threshold range, modeling increases bone strength and "mass." When strains stay below a smaller threshold range, remodeling begins removing bone next to marrow. As a result, increasing muscle strength increases bone strength and "mass," and decreasing muscle strength decreases bone strength and "mass." Estrogen apparently lowers the remodeling threshold, which reduces bone losses. Loss of estrogen raises that threshold to cause losses of bone next to marrow. Such facts help to explain: 1. Bone loss in aging adults. 2. An increase in bone "mass" in girls at menarche. 3. The loss of bone during menopause. 4. The greater bone "mass" in obese than in slender subjects, and in weightlifters than in marathon runners. 5. And the pathogenesis of physiologic osteopenias and true osteoporoses. Thus new standards are needed for the relationships between bone and muscle strengths, and as functions of sex, age, race, disease, endocrine status, nutrition, vitamin and mineral intakes, medications, puberty, and menopause. Obtaining those standards and studying such relationships provide many new opportunities for studies that involve dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and peripheral quantitative computer tomography (pQCT) and, perhaps some day, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques.
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-662-38445-9_9
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
Annual review of gerontology & geriatrics
影响因子：
--
作者：
Faulkner,JA;Brooks,SV;Zerba,E
通讯作者：
Zerba,E
生长过程中的骨骼适应。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
Triangle; the Sandoz journal of medical science
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jee,WS;Frost,HM
通讯作者：
Frost,HM