Terahertz Light-Matter Interaction beyond Unity Coupling Strength
Terahertz Light-Matter Interaction beyond Unity Coupling Strength
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03103
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Lange, Christoph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bayer, Andreas;Pozimski, Marcel;Lange, Christoph
在定制的纳米结构中实现对光物质相互作用的控制是现代量子电动力学的核心。在强耦合和超强耦合系统中，激发在谐振器和电子跃迁之间以称为真空拉比频率Ω（R）的速率重复交换。当ω（R）接近共振频率ω（c）时，我们预言了新的量子现象，包括压缩态、迪凯超辐射相变、珀塞尔效应的崩塌和虚光子对的基态布居.然而，实验实现的光学系统与欧米茄（R）/欧米茄（c）>= 1仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们介绍了一个范式的变化，在光物质耦合的设计，通过处理系统的电子和光子组件作为一个实体，而不是分别优化它们。使用电子激发不仅可以提高电子极化，而且还可以调整真空模式的形状，我们将回旋共振的Omega（R）/Omega（c）与超材料的超强耦合推到远远超过统一的程度。作为展开可能性的一个突出说明，我们计算出我们最好的结构的基态人口为0.37个虚光子，Ω（R）/Ω（c）= 1.43，并提出了一个现实的实验方案，通过尖端的太赫兹量子探测来测量真空辐射。
Achieving control over light matter interaction in custom-tailored nanostructures is at the core of modern quantum electrodynamics. In strongly and ultrastrongly coupled systems, the excitation is repeatedly exchanged between a resonator and an electronic transition at a rate known as the vacuum Rabi frequency Omega(R). For Omega(R) approaching the resonance frequency omega(c) novel quantum phenomena including squeezed states, Dicke super radiant phase transitions, the collapse of the Purcell effect, and a population of the ground state with virtual photon pairs are predicted. Yet, the experimental realization of optical systems with Omega(R)/omega(c) >= 1 has remained elusive. Here, we introduce a paradigm change in the design of light matter coupling by treating the electronic and the photonic components of the system as an entity instead of optimizing them separately. Using the electronic excitation to not only boost the electronic polarization but furthermore tailor the shape of the vacuum mode, we push Omega(R)/omega(c) of cyclotron resonances ultrastrongly coupled to metamaterials far beyond unity. As one prominent illustration of the unfolding possibilities, we calculate a ground state population of 0.37 virtual photons for our best structure with Omega(R)/omega(c) = 1.43 and suggest a realistic experimental scenario for measuring vacuum radiation by cutting-edge terahertz quantum detection.