Physiological Properties of Photoautotrophic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Relevant to Industrial Biomass Production
Physiological Properties of Photoautotrophic Microalgae and Cyanobacteria Relevant to Industrial Biomass Production
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DOI：
10.1007/s10126-019-09890-1
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发表时间：
2019-03
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
M. Tsuzuki;K. Okada;H. Isoda;Masayuki Hirano;T. Odaka;Hirotaka Saijo;Risa Aruga;Hiroki Miyauchi;S. Fujiwara
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Tsuzuki;K. Okada;H. Isoda;Masayuki Hirano;T. Odaka;Hirotaka Saijo;Risa Aruga;Hiroki Miyauchi;S. Fujiwara
目前正在研究微藻的光自养大规模培养以用于社会实施，因为此类生物预计将成为减少全球变暖的替代燃料和材料的资源。养殖系统的生产规模化和经济平衡是实际应用的巨大障碍。为了开发新的培养系统，例如在固体表面或生物膜上的附着，我们研究了小球藻光合作用的各种特征，不仅在液体中，而且在滤膜上。在水生培养物中，光合速率与 32°C 以上的特定指数生长速率几乎相同，表明在该温度下可以实现高效的细胞生长。在阴天水平的光强度下，藻类细胞每摩尔光子可以固定约 50 mmol 碳，计算结果是产生 1.2 克干细胞重量。 此外，小球藻在膜表面的生长速度几乎与在液体中相同。在蓝藻集胞藻中也观察到了类似的缺水耐受性，其中基因表达在胁迫后 30 分钟内做出反应。在其他种类的微藻和蓝细菌的光合作用中也观察到了这种耐受性。
Photoautotrophic mass culture of microalgae is currently under investigation for social implementation, since such organisms are anticipated to be resources of alternative fuels and materials for reducing global warming. Production scale-up of culture systems and economy balance are great barriers for practical usage. In order to develop new culture systems such as attachment on solid surfaces or biofilms, we investigated various characteristics of photosynthesis inChlorella, not only in liquid but also on filter membranes. In aquatic cultures, the photosynthetic rate was almost the same as the specific exponential growth rate at over 32 °C, suggesting that highly efficient cell growth was achieved at that temperature. The algal cells could fix about 50 mmol carbons per mole photons, at cloudy-day-level light intensities, which result to produce 1.2 g dry cell weight in calculation. Moreover,Chlorella could grow on a membrane surface at almost the same rate as in liquid. Similar tolerance to water deficiency was observed in a cyanobacterium,Synechocystis, in which gene expression responded in 30 min after the stress. Such a tolerance was also observed in other species of microalgae and cyanobacteria in photosynthesis.