Personality and mortality risk across the life span: The importance of conscientiousness as a biopsychosocial attribute
Personality and mortality risk across the life span: The importance of conscientiousness as a biopsychosocial attribute
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-6133.26.4.428
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Schwartz, Joseph E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin, Leslie R.;Friedman, Howard S.;Schwartz, Joseph E.
目的：本研究讨论了是否在童年和个性在成年期的独立预测死亡风险和行为，和其他心理社会因素可以解释观察到的个性和死亡率risk.Design之间的关系的程度：这是一个前瞻性的纵向队列研究的1,253名男性和女性加利福尼亚州超过7个十年（1930年至2000年）。比例风险回归是主要的分析方法。主要结果测量：死亡风险（以相对风险的形式）是主要结果。调解员和主持人的额外测试确定是否个性和死亡风险之间的关联仍然显着时，心理和行为变量进行了统计controlled.Results：研究结果，包括一个新的14年额外的后续行动在老年，揭示了，在童年和成年独立测量，预测整个生命周期的死亡风险。当控制了成年人的谨慎和某些行为变量时，童年时期的联系仍然很强。社会心理和行为变量部分解释了成年人的健康长寿association.Conclusion：研究结果表明，现代人格概念的实用性和复杂性，在理解健康和点健康作为一个关键的unexplored未来的biopsychosocial研究领域。
Objective: This study addressed whether personality in childhood and personality in adulthood are independent predictors of mortality risk and the extent to which behavioral, and other psychosocial factors can explain observed relationships between personality and mortality risk.Design: This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study of 1,253 male and female Californians over 7 decades (1930-2000). Proportional hazards regressions were the principal analyses.Main Outcome Measures: Mortality risk (in the form of relative hazards) was the primary outcome. Additional tests of mediators and moderators ascertained whether associations between personality and mortality risk remained significant when psychosocial and behavioral variables were statistically controlled.Results: The findings, including a new 14-year additional follow-up in old age, revealed that conscientiousness, measured independently in childhood and adulthood, predicted mortality risk across the full life span. The link from childhood remained robust when adult conscientiousness and certain behavioral variables were controlled. Psychosocial and behavioral variables partly explained the adult conscientiousness-longevity association.Conclusion: The findings demonstrate the utility and complexity of modem personality concepts in understanding health and point to conscientiousness as a key underexplored area for future biopsychosocial studies.