Neuronal networks in the developing brain are adversely modulated by early psychosocial neglect
Neuronal networks in the developing brain are adversely modulated by early psychosocial neglect
复制标题
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00014.2017
复制
发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Nelson，Charles A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stamoulis，Catherine;Vanderwert，Ross E.;Nelson，Charles A.
大脑的神经回路在认知过程中的各个领域都发挥着普遍的作用，并在发展过程中经历了广泛的重组，部分原因是经验。在这项研究中，我们调查了与机构养育相关的深刻的早期心理社会忽视对任务独立性脑网络发展的影响，根据纵向获得的脑电图（EEG）数据从<30到96个月，在三个队列的儿童中，来自布加勒斯特早期干预项目（BEIP），包括在机构中被遗弃的儿童，这些儿童被随机分配到寄养干预机构或像往常一样继续接受照料，以及从未被机构收容的儿童。在机构中长大的儿童中发现了两个异常连接的大脑网络：1）超连接的顶叶-枕叶网络，其中包括皮质枢纽和可能与默认模式网络部分重叠的连接，以及2）左颞和分布式双侧区域之间的低连接网络，两者都通过神经振荡异常连接。这项研究提供了第一个证据，表明早期社会心理忽视对发育中大脑的布线产生了不利影响。考虑到这些网络在各种认知过程中的潜在重要作用，包括记忆，学习，社交和语言，这些发现表明，早期生活中的制度化可能会深刻影响多个认知领域的神经相关性，在短期内可能无法完全逆转的方式。新&这篇论文提供了第一个证据，表明与机构养育相关的早期心理社会忽视深刻影响了大脑神经回路的发展。使用纵向采集的电生理数据从布加勒斯特早期干预项目（BEIP），本文确定了多个任务无关的网络，异常连接（超或hypoconnected）在儿童养育的机构相比，从未制度化的儿童。这些网络涉及空间分布的大脑区域，它们的异常连接可能会对跨认知域的神经信息处理产生不利影响。
The brain’s neural circuitry plays a ubiquitous role across domains in cognitive processing and undergoes extensive reorganization during the course of development in part as a result of experience. In this study we investigated the effects of profound early psychosocial neglect associated with institutional rearing on the development of task-independent brain networks, estimated from longitudinally acquired electroencephalographic (EEG) data from <30 to 96 mo, in three cohorts of children from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP), including abandoned children reared in institutions who were randomly assigned either to a foster care intervention or to remain in care as usual and never-institutionalized children. Two aberrantly connected brain networks were identified in children that had been reared in institutions:1) a hyperconnected parieto-occipital network, which included cortical hubs and connections that may partially overlap with default-mode network, and2) a hypoconnected network between left temporal and distributed bilateral regions, both of which were aberrantly connected across neural oscillations. This study provides the first evidence of the adverse effects of early psychosocial neglect on the wiring of the developing brain. Given these networks' potentially significant role in various cognitive processes, including memory, learning, social communication, and language, these findings suggest that institutionalization in early life may profoundly impact the neural correlates underlying multiple cognitive domains, in ways that may not be fully reversible in the short term.NEW & NOTEWORTHYThis paper provides first evidence that early psychosocial neglect associated with institutional rearing profoundly affects the development of the brain’s neural circuitry. Using longitudinally acquired electrophysiological data from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP), the paper identifies multiple task-independent networks that are abnormally connected (hyper- or hypoconnected) in children reared in institutions compared with never-institutionalized children. These networks involve spatially distributed brain areas and their abnormal connections may adversely impact neural information processing across cognitive domains.