Tropical winter habitat limits reproductive success on the temperate breeding grounds in a migratory bird
Tropical winter habitat limits reproductive success on the temperate breeding grounds in a migratory bird
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2003.2569
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发表时间：
2004-01-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Ratcliffe, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norris, DR;Marra, PP;Ratcliffe, LM
由于我们无法在整个年度周期内跟踪个体，确定控制迁徙动物种群动态的因素受到了限制。利用稳定的碳同位素，我们发现长途候鸟的繁殖成功受到数千公里外热带越冬地栖息地质量的影响。对于雄性美洲红翅雀（Setophaga ruticilla），冬季栖息地质量影响到达繁殖地的日期，进而影响与繁殖相关的关键变量，包括羽化幼鸟的数量。基于冬季栖息地模型，与在低质量栖息地过冬的雌性相比，居住在高质量冬季栖息地的雌性预计会多生育2只以上的幼崽，并提前一个月羽化后代。考虑到红尾鸲是单卵繁殖，每窝只产三到五个蛋，在繁殖地只待两个半月，这种巨大的差异是非常重要的。这项研究的结果表明，了解年周期如何相互作用对迁徙动物的重要性。热带越冬栖息地的持续丧失可能对下一个繁殖季节的迁徙种群产生负面影响，使繁殖地的密度依赖效应最小化，并导致种群进一步下降。如果保护工作要取得成功，战略必须包括保护在整个迁徙动物年度周期中使用的所有栖息地的措施。
Identifying the factors that control population dynamics in migratory animals has been constrained by our inability to track individuals throughout the annual cycle. Using stable carbon isotopes, we show that the reproductive success of a long-distance migratory bird is influenced by the quality of habitat located thousands of kilometres away on tropical wintering grounds. For male American redstarts (Setophaga ruticilla), winter habitat quality influenced arrival date on the breeding grounds, which in turn affected key variables associated with reproduction, including the number of young fledged. Based on a winter-habitat model, females occupying high-quality winter habitat were predicted to produce more than two additional young and to fledge offspring up to a month earlier compared with females wintering in poor-quality habitat. Differences of this magnitude are highly important considering redstarts are single brooded, lay clutches of only three to five eggs and spend only two-and-a-half months on the breeding grounds. Results from this study indicate the importance of understanding how periods of the annual cycle interact for migratory animals. Continued loss of tropical wintering habitat could have negative effects on migratory populations in the following breeding season, minimizing density-dependent effects on the breeding grounds and leading to further population declines. If conservation efforts are to be successful, strategies must incorporate measures to protect all the habitats used during the entire annual cycle of migratory animals.