Workgroup report: workshop on source apportionment of particulate matter health effects--intercomparison of results and implications.
Workgroup report: workshop on source apportionment of particulate matter health effects--intercomparison of results and implications.
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工作组报告：关于颗粒物质健康效应的来源分配的研讨会 - 结果和含义的比较。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.7989
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发表时间：
2005-12
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
虽然空气动力学直径< 2.5 μm的细颗粒物（PM2.5）暴露与人类死亡率之间的关系已得到充分证实，但最主要的颗粒物类型/来源尚不确定。2003年5月，美国环境保护署的颗粒物中心计划赞助了PM健康影响的来源评估研讨会。目的是评估各种源解析方法在评估源贡献每日PM2.5群体死亡率协会的一致性。七个研究机构，使用不同的方法，参与了在华盛顿，DC和凤凰城，亚利桑那州，美国收集的PM2.5质量样本的源分配的估计。使用Poisson回归评估了分配与死亡率的相关性，从而比较评估了分配变化对源特异性死亡率结果变异性的影响程度。不同的研究小组通常确定了相同的主要来源类型，每种来源都具有相似的元素构成。组间相关性分析表明，土壤，硫酸盐，残油，盐相关的质量是最明确的各种方法，而植被燃烧和交通不太一致。总源特异性死亡率相对风险（RR）估计的置信区间相互重叠，但硫酸盐相关的PM2.5成分在这些城市的分析中最为一致。分析表明，源类型是一个显着的预测RR，而分配组的差异不是。源分配的变化仅增加了约15%的死亡率回归不确定性。这些结果提供了支持性证据，现有的PM2.5源解析方法可以用来获得可靠的见解，有助于PM2.5的健康影响的源组件。
Although the association between exposure to ambient fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and human mortality is well established, the most responsible particle types/sources are not yet certain. In May 2003, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Particulate Matter Centers Program sponsored the Workshop on the Source Apportionment of PM Health Effects. The goal was to evaluate the consistency of the various source apportionment methods in assessing source contributions to daily PM2.5 mass–mortality associations. Seven research institutions, using varying methods, participated in the estimation of source apportionments of PM2.5 mass samples collected in Washington, DC, and Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Apportionments were evaluated for their respective associations with mortality using Poisson regressions, allowing a comparative assessment of the extent to which variations in the apportionments contributed to variability in the source-specific mortality results. The various research groups generally identified the same major source types, each with similar elemental makeups. Intergroup correlation analyses indicated that soil-, sulfate-, residual oil-, and salt-associated mass were most unambiguously identified by various methods, whereas vegetative burning and traffic were less consistent. Aggregate source-specific mortality relative risk (RR) estimate confidence intervals overlapped each other, but the sulfate-related PM2.5 component was most consistently significant across analyses in these cities. Analyses indicated that source types were a significant predictor of RR, whereas apportionment group differences were not. Variations in the source apportionments added only some 15% to the mortality regression uncertainties. These results provide supportive evidence that existing PM2.5 source apportionment methods can be used to derive reliable insights into the source components that contribute to PM2.5 health effects.