Membrane Fusion Involved in Neurotransmission: Glimpse from Electron Microscope and Molecular Simulation.
Membrane Fusion Involved in Neurotransmission: Glimpse from Electron Microscope and Molecular Simulation.
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参与神经传递的膜融合：电子显微镜和分子模拟的一瞥
DOI：
10.3389/fnmol.2017.00168
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Zhang L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang Z;Gou L;Chen S;Li N;Zhang S;Zhang L
膜融合是真核生物引发脂质和内容物融合以及神经传递的最基本生理过程之一。然而，神经递质释放机制的结构特征和突触膜融合的相互依赖机制尚未得到广泛研究。本文阐述了神经元膜融合过程，讨论了所有融合反应的基本步骤（膜聚集、膜结合、脂质重排和脂质与内容物混合）以及与神经递质传递耦合的可能机制。随后，本文综述了利用电子显微镜和分子模拟方法对突触传递中的融合过程的研究。最后，我们展望了在随机光学重建显微镜（STORM）、低温电镜（cryo-EM）和分子模拟的帮助下膜融合在突触传输中的应用前景。
Membrane fusion is one of the most fundamental physiological processes in eukaryotes for triggering the fusion of lipid and content, as well as the neurotransmission. However, the architecture features of neurotransmitter release machinery and interdependent mechanism of synaptic membrane fusion have not been extensively studied. This review article expounds the neuronal membrane fusion processes, discusses the fundamental steps in all fusion reactions (membrane aggregation, membrane association, lipid rearrangement and lipid and content mixing) and the probable mechanism coupling to the delivery of neurotransmitters. Subsequently, this work summarizes the research on the fusion process in synaptic transmission, using electron microscopy (EM) and molecular simulation approaches. Finally, we propose the future outlook for more exciting applications of membrane fusion involved in synaptic transmission, with the aid of stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), cryo-EM (cryo-EM), and molecular simulations.