Relationships between d 13 C, d 18 O and grain yield in bread wheat genotypes under favourable irrigated and rain-fed conditions
Relationships between d 13 C, d 18 O and grain yield in bread wheat genotypes under favourable irrigated and rain-fed conditions
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灌溉雨养条件下面包小麦基因型d 13 C、d 18 O与籽粒产量的关系
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2016.07.006
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Foulkes M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foulkes M
在以往的研究中，碳同位素组成（δ 13 C）已被用于筛选C3作物的蒸腾效率高的基因型，氧同位素组成（δ 18 O）已被证明与蒸腾速率相关。我们研究了在英国田间条件下小麦品种籽粒和剑叶的δ 13 C和剑叶的δ 18 O与籽粒产量的关系。2009-10年和2010-11年在诺丁汉大学进行了田间实验，在充分灌溉和雨水灌溉条件下测试了17个小麦品种。在雨养处理中，多年平均谷物产量减少了1.69 t ha−1（16.5%）（P< 0.001）。在灌溉（R2= 0.47，P < 0.01）和雨养（R2 = 0.70，P < 0.001）条件下，不同品种籽粒δ 13 C与产量呈负线性关系。6个品种籽粒δ 13 C与旗叶气孔导度呈显著负相关（r =-0. 94，P <0. 01），表明较高的蒸腾效率与较低的气孔导度相关。不同品种旗叶δ 13 C和δ 18 O与产量的相关性不显著。灌溉条件下，不同品种旗叶δ 18 O与籽粒δ 13 C呈线性正相关（R2= 0.38，P < 0.01），表明蒸腾与蒸腾效率（TE）之间存在一定的权衡关系。雨养条件下籽粒产量的遗传变异与旗叶衰老延迟有关（R2= 0.35，P < 0.05）。17个小麦品种的发布年份（YoR）范围为1964年至2009年，在灌溉条件下，粮食产量线性增加60.4 kg ha− 1 yr −1（0.72% yr-1）和雨水灌溉条件下减少47.5 kg ha-1 yr-1（0.66% yr−1），谷物δ 13 C组成分别下降了0.0255和0.0304‰ yr−1，表明英国小麦产量潜力的遗传增益似乎可能是通过较低的TE实现的，较高的水分吸收和较小的气孔导度限制。
In previous investigations, carbon isotope composition (δ13C) has been used in C3cereals to screen for genotypes with high transpiration efficiency and oxygen isotope composition (δ18O) has been shown to correlate with transpiration rate. We examined associations of δ13C of the grain and flag leaf and δ18O of the flag leaf with respect to grain yield in wheat cultivars in UK field conditions. Field experiments were carried out at University of Nottingham in 2009–10 and 2010–11 testing 17 wheat cultivars under fully irrigated and rain-fed conditions. Averaging across years grain yield was reduced by 1.69 t ha−1(16.5%) in the rain-fed treatment(P< 0.001). There was a negative linear relationship between grain yield and grain δ13C amongst cultivars, under both irrigated (R2= 0.47,P< 0.01) and rain-fed (R2= 0.70, P < 0.001) conditions. Grain δ13C was negatively correlated with flag-leaf stomatal conductance (r = −0.94,P< 0.01) in a subset of six of the cultivars, indicating that higher transpiration efficiency was associated with lower stomatal conductance. The associations between grain yield and flag-leaf δ13C and flag-leaf δ18O amongst cultivars under irrigated and rain-fed conditions were not statistically significant. There was a positive linear relationship between flag-leaf δ18O and grain δ13C amongst cultivars under irrigated conditions (R2= 0.38,P< 0.01), indicating a trade-off between transpiration and transpiration efficiency (TE). Genetic variation in grain yield under rain-fed conditions was also associated with delayed onset of flag-leaf senescence (R2= 0.35,P< 0.05). The 17 wheat cultivars ranged in year of release (YoR) from 1964 to 2009 and grain yield increased linearly under irrigated conditions by 60.4 kg ha−1yr−1(0.72% yr−1) and under rain-fed conditions by 47.5 kg ha−1yr−1(0.66% yr−1) over the 45 year period and grain δ13C composition decreased by 0.0255 and 0.0304‰ yr−1, respectively, indicating genetic gains in wheat yield potential in the UK seem likely to have been achieved through a lower TE, higher water uptake and lesser limitation of stomatal conductance.