Prevalence of Bovine tuberculosis in Ethiopian slaughter cattle based on post-mortem examination
Prevalence of Bovine tuberculosis in Ethiopian slaughter cattle based on post-mortem examination
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DOI：
10.1007/s11250-008-9248-9
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Skjerve, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Demelash, B.;Inangolet, F.;Skjerve, E.
2006年7月至2007年1月，使用详细的肉类检查程序，在埃塞俄比亚不同养牛系统的5个屠宰场（4个市政屠宰场和1个出口屠宰场）进行了一项研究，旨在描述与牛结核病（BTB）相容的埃塞俄比亚屠宰牛的肉眼病变的程度和分布。选择了位于不同牲畜管理系统的五个代表性屠宰场（四个市政屠宰场和一个出口屠宰场）。本研究共纳入3322头牛; 2876头（86.6%）雄性，446头（13.4%）雌性; 3094头（93.1%）本地瘤牛，140头（4.2%）杂交牛和88头（2.7%）纯外来牛。本署亦分析了九年的肉类检验记录，以了解本地牛只牛结核病的趋势。（10.2%，95%CI= [9.2-11.2]）有提示结核的病灶，69结核病发病率在年龄、品种、动物种类、屠宰场、地理来源和畜牧业系统等方面存在明显差异。老龄和幼龄组高于中年组，外来种高于地方品种，犊牛高于其他动物。结核病患病率最高和最低的分别是Adama（24.7%，95%CI= [21.1-28.7]）和Yabello屠宰场（4.2%，95%CI= [2.6-6.6]）。来自阿迪斯及其周边地区的牛结核感染率较高（23.9%，95%CI= [17.6-31.5]），奶牛场饲养的牛结核感染率较高（23.9%，95%CI= [16.7-32.9]）。对肉类检查记录的分析也显示，结核病的发病率多年来一直在上升。我们的研究表明，埃塞俄比亚屠宰牛的结核病患病率很高，这可以推断出该国参考牛群中的类似情况。鉴于埃塞俄比亚越来越多地参与牲畜出口贸易，据报肺结核发病率很高，这可能是一个主要障碍，特别是在进口国的卫生要求如此严格的时候。此外，人们日益关注结核病/艾滋病毒/艾滋病合并感染的发病率不断上升，肺外结核病的发病率很高，大多数人感染人畜共患结核病的风险很高，这突出表明需要对控制牛结核病给予必要的注意。
A study aimed at describing the magnitude and distribution of gross lesions compatible with bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in Ethiiopian slaughter cattle in five abattoirs (four municipal and one export) located in various cattle husbandry systems in Ethiopia was carried out from July 2006 to January 2007 using detailed meat inspection procedure. Five representative abattoirs (four municipal and one export) located in distinct livestock management systems were selected. A total of 3322 cattle; 2876 (86.6%) male, 446 (13.4%) female; 3094 (93.1%) indigenous zebu, 140 (4.2%) crossbred and 88 (2.7%) pure exotic cattle were included in the study. A nine-year meat inspection record was also analyzed to elucidate the trend of BTB in the local cattle population.Of the carcasses inspected, 337 (10.2%, 95%CI= [9.2-11.2]) had lesions suggestive of tuberculosis, 69 (20.5%) generalized and 268 (79.5%) localized.TB prevalence showed a marked variation between categories of age, breed, class of animals, abattoir, geographic origin and husbandry system. It was higher in old and young animals than middle age group; in exotic than local breed; in calves than other classes of animals. The highest and lowest prevalence of TB was recorded in Adama (24.7%, 95%CI= [21.1-28.7]) and Yabello abattoirs (4.2%, 95%CI= [2.6-6.6]), respectively. Cattle whose origin was from Addis Ababa and its surrounding areas had higher prevalence of TB infection (23.9%, 95%CI= [17.6-31.5]).Cattle maintained in dairy farms had high degree of exposure (23.9%, 95%CI= [16.7-32.9]) to the infection than those maintained in other types of management system. Analysis of meat inspection records also revealed an increasing incidence of TB over the years. Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of tuberculosis in Ethiopian slaughter cattle and this could infer to similar scenario in a reference cattle population in the country. In view of Ethiopia's increasing involvement in livestock export trade, the reported high prevalence of tuberculosis could be a major obstacle, particularly at this moment when sanitary requirements from importing countries are so much strict. Furthermore, the growing concern over increasing incidence of tuberculosis/HIV/AIDS co-infection, the high incidence of extra- pulmonary tuberculosis and a high risk of acquiring zoonotic tuberculosis among the majority of the population emphasize the need for paying the necessary attention towards the control of bovine tuberculosis.