Cancer Epidemiology: A Survey of Modifiable Risk Factors for Prevention and Survivorship
Cancer Epidemiology: A Survey of Modifiable Risk Factors for Prevention and Survivorship
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DOI：
10.1177/1559827617700600
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Loftfield, Erikka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arem, Hannah;Loftfield, Erikka
在美国，大约40%的男性和女性会在他们生命中的某个时候被诊断出患有癌症。近几十年来，我们对癌症发展和进展的理解有了巨大的发展，导致筛查和治疗的改善，从而使更多的幸存者在诊断后活得更长。在已发表的文献中，广泛探讨了生活方式相关因素与癌症风险和生存率的流行病学证据，并提出了癌症预防和控制建议以及实施策略。本文综述了癌症的负担，癌症流行病学中的一般测量问题，以及特定生活方式相关风险因素和癌症的科学现状。据估计，三分之一到一半的癌症可以通过选择更健康的生活方式来预防。
Approximately 40% of men and women in the United States will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their lives. There have been dramatic developments in our understanding of cancer development and progression in recent decades, leading to improvements in screening and treatment, and in turn greater numbers of survivors living longer after diagnosis. Epidemiologic evidence of lifestyle-related factors and cancer risk and survival has been explored extensively in the published literature, with recommendations for cancer prevention and control and strategies for implementation evolving over time. This review summarizes the burden of cancer, general measurement issues in cancer epidemiology, and the current state of the science in specific lifestyle-related risk factors and cancer. It is estimated that one third to one half of cancers could be prevented by healthier lifestyle choices.