The basolateral amygdala determines the effects of fear memory on sleep in an animal model of PTSD.
The basolateral amygdala determines the effects of fear memory on sleep in an animal model of PTSD.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-014-3850-z
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Sanford, Larry D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wellman, Laurie L.;Fitzpatrick, Mairen E.;Machida, Mayumi;Sanford, Larry D.
Fear conditioning (inescapable shock training (ST)) and fearful context re-exposure (CR) alone can produce significant fear indicated by increased freezing and reductions in subsequent REM sleep. Damage to or inactivation of the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) prior to or after ST or prior to CR generally has been found to attenuate freezing in the shock training context. However, no one has examined the impact of BLA inactivation on fear-induced changes in sleep. Here, we used the GABAA agonist, muscimol (MUS), to inactivate BLA prior to ST, the period when fear is learned, and assessed sleep after ST and sleep and freezing after two CR sessions. Wistar rats (n=14) were implanted with electrodes for recording sleep and with cannulae aimed bilaterally into BLA. After recovery, the animals were habituated to the injection procedure (handling) over 2 consecutive days and baseline sleep following handling was recorded. On experimental day 1, the rats were injected (0.5ul) into BLA with either MUS (1.0uM; n = 7) or vehicle (distilled water (dW), n = 7) 30 min prior to ST (20 footshocks, 0.8mA, 0.5s duration, 60s interstimulus interval). On experimental days 7 and 21, the animals experienced CR (CR1 and CR2, respectively) alone. EEG and EMG were recorded for 8h on each day and the recording was scored for non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), rapid eye movement sleep (REM), and wakefulness. Freezing was examined during CR1 and CR2. MUS microinjections into BLA prior to ST blocked the post-training reduction in REM sleep seen in vehicle treated rats. Furthermore, in MUS treated rats, REM sleep after CR1 and CR2 was at baseline levels and freezing was significantly attenuated. Thus, BLA inactivation prior to ST blocks the effects of footshock stress on sleep and reduces fear memory, as indicated by the lack of freezing and changes in sleep after CR. These data indicate that BLA is an important regulator of stress-induced alterations in sleep, and an important site for forming fear memories that can alter sleep.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Koo, JW;Han, JS;Kim, JJ
通讯作者：
Kim, JJ
DOI：
10.1037/h0027676
发表时间：
1969-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
BLANCHAR.RJ;BLANCHAR.DC
通讯作者：
BLANCHAR.DC
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Bremner, JD;Vermetten, E;Charney, DS
通讯作者：
Charney, DS
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Cousens, G;Otto, T
通讯作者：
Otto, T
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.4985-10.2011
发表时间：
2011-01-05
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Duvarci S;Popa D;Paré D
通讯作者：
Paré D