Field optimization of the sex pheromone of Stenoma catenifer (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae): evaluation of lure types, trap height, male flight distances, and number of traps needed per avocado orchard for detection
Field optimization of the sex pheromone of Stenoma catenifer (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae): evaluation of lure types, trap height, male flight distances, and number of traps needed per avocado orchard for detection
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007485310000301
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Lesch, S. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hoddle, M. S.;Millar, J. G.;Lesch, S. M.
在危地马拉的商业鳄梨果园中评估了Stenoma catenifer的性信息素，以确定操作参数，如最佳诱饵类型、陷阱高度、陷阱密度和雄蛾飞行距离的估计。四个信息素分配器测试，灰色和白色橡胶隔片是相同的效力，而1毫升低密度聚乙烯小瓶和2 × 3厘米聚乙烯自封袋是最有效的。诱捕器悬挂的高度对成虫的数量没有显著影响。catenifer捕获。监测S.这些数据表明，信息素应该从悬挂在树冠内1.75米处的翼诱捕器的灰色橡胶隔片上释放，这个高度便于诱捕器的放置和监测。标记-重捕法研究雄性S. catenifer表示，雄性平均一夜飞行67米。然而，这可能是低估了雄蛾在一个晚上飞行的距离。S.在不同大小和侵染水平的七个商业鳄梨果园中部署的不同数量的信息素诱捕器的catenifer捕获数据表明，每个果园需要10-13个随机部署的诱捕器持续7天以检测至少一个雄性S。90%的置信度。这些数据提供了足够的信息，以制定有效的协议，使用S。catenifer信息素用于在出口新鲜鳄梨的地方性种群的国家检测和监测这种害虫，并用于从高风险地区进口鳄梨的国家的检疫检测和入侵监测。
The sex pheromone of Stenoma catenifer was evaluated in commercial avocado orchards in Guatemala to determine operational parameters, such as optimal lure type, trap height, trap density and estimates of the distances that male moths fly. Of four pheromone dispensers tested, gray and white rubber septa were of equal efficacy, whereas 1-ml low-density polyethylene vials and 2x3-cm polyethylene ziplock bags were least efficacious. The height at which wing traps were hung did not significantly affect the number of adult male S. catenifer captured. For monitoring S. catenifer, these data suggest that the pheromone should be dispensed from gray rubber septa in wing traps hung inside the tree canopy at 1.75m, a height convenient for trap placement and monitoring. Mark-recapture studies of male S. catenifer indicated that, on average, males flew 67m in one night. However, it is likely that this is an underestimate of the distance that male moths are capable of flying in a single night. Probabilistic modeling of S. catenifer capture data from different numbers of pheromone traps deployed in seven commercial avocado orchards of varying sizes and infestation levels suggested that 10-13 randomly deployed traps per orchard for a 7-day period are needed to detect at least one male S. catenifer with 90% confidence. These data provide sufficient information to develop effective protocols for using the S. catenifer pheromone to detect and monitor this pest in countries with endemic populations that are exporting fresh avocados, and for quarantine detection and incursion monitoring in countries receiving avocado imports from high risk areas.