A Violently Tornadic Supercell Thunderstorm Simulation Spanning a Quarter-Trillion Grid Volumes: Computational Challenges, I/O Framework, and Visualizations of Tornadogenesis
A Violently Tornadic Supercell Thunderstorm Simulation Spanning a Quarter-Trillion Grid Volumes: Computational Challenges, I/O Framework, and Visualizations of Tornadogenesis
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DOI：
10.3390/atmos10100578
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发表时间：
2019-09
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Leigh Orf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Leigh Orf
龙卷风仍然是观察性和数值研究的积极主题，因为它们在全球造成的损害和死亡以及对其行为的理解不佳，例如什么过程导致其起源以及决定其寿命和形态的原因。在高分辨率上运行的超级计算机上执行的数值模型可以作为探索模拟风暴中快速发展的龙卷风尺度功能的强大工具，但是为有意义的分析节省了大量数据，可以导致模型性能缓慢，可减缓的较慢，少量保存的数据，并节省了数百万个文件。在本文中，描述了一种用于有效保存和管理数百个压缩模型输出的系统，以支持龙卷风超级电池雷暴的超级计算机模拟。还描述了在蓝色水域超级计算机上管理模拟超过25亿英寸网格的挑战。模拟的超级电池会产生长途轨道EF5龙卷风，在龙卷风生成期间描述了近龙卷风的环境，在此期间，单个向上增长的涡旋经历了几次涡流合并，然后过渡到多涡龙卷风龙卷风。
Tornadoes remain an active subject of observational and numerical research due to the damage and fatalities they cause worldwide as well as poor understanding of their behavior, such as what processes result in their genesis and what determines their longevity and morphology. A numerical model executed on a supercomputer run at high resolution can serve as a powerful tool for exploring the rapidly evolving tornado-scale features within a simulated storm, but saving large amounts data for meaningful analysis can result in unacceptably slow model performance, an unwieldy amount of saved data, and saved data spread across millions of files. In this paper, a system for efficiently saving and managing hundreds of terabytes of compressed model output is described to support a supercomputer simulation of a tornadic supercell thunderstorm. The challenges of managing a simulation spanning over a quarter-trillion grid volumes across the Blue Waters supercomputer are also described. The simulated supercell produces a long-track EF5 tornado, and the near-tornado environment is described during tornadogenesis, where single upward-growing vortex undergoes several vortex mergers before transitioning into a multiple-vortex tornado.