Nonleachable Imidazolium-Incorporated Composite for Disruption of Bacterial Clustering, Exopolysaccharide-Matrix Assembly, and Enhanced Biofilm Removal
Nonleachable Imidazolium-Incorporated Composite for Disruption of Bacterial Clustering, Exopolysaccharide-Matrix Assembly, and Enhanced Biofilm Removal
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DOI：
10.1021/acsami.7b11558
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发表时间：
2017-11-08
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Koo, Hyun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hwang, Geelsu;Koltisko, Bernard;Koo, Hyun
表面生长的细菌和胞外聚合物基质的产生调节高度内聚和牢固附着的生物膜的组装，使得它们难以从固体表面去除。细胞生长的抑制和基质产生细菌的失活可以损害生物膜的形成并促进去除。在这里，我们开发了一种新型的不可沥滤的抗菌复合材料，具有有效的抗菌膜活性，通过直接将可聚合的含咪唑的树脂（抗菌树脂与碳酸酯键; ABR-C）到甲基丙烯酸酯基支架（ABR改性的复合材料; ABR-MC）使用有效而简化的化学。低剂量包含咪唑钥部分（类似于2wt%）导致具有最小细胞毒性的生物活性，而不损害修复材料的机械完整性。在实验生物膜模型中使用产生胞外多糖基质（产生EPS基质）的口腔病原体（变形链球菌）评估ABRMC的生物膜特性。使用高分辨率共聚焦荧光成像和生物物理方法，我们观察到显着的破坏细菌积累和缺陷的三维矩阵结构的表面上的ABR-MC。具体而言，抗菌复合物削弱了S.在一些实施方案中，所述组合物可使变形杆菌在表面上形成有组织的细菌簇，导致改变的生物膜结构，具有稀疏的细胞积累和减少量的EPS基质（相对于对照复合物）。对对照复合材料的生物膜拓扑分析揭示了高度组织化和网状的EPS结构，其将细菌簇彼此拴系并拴系到表面，形成高度内聚的单元。相比之下，这样的结构化的基质上的ABR-MC的表面上不存在，主要是稀疏和无定形的EPS，这表明在生物膜的物理稳定性的破坏。与缺乏结构组织一致，ABR-MC表面上的缺陷生物膜在经受低剪切应力时容易分离，而大部分生物膜生物质保留在对照表面上。总之，我们证明了一种新的不可沥滤的抗菌复合材料，具有优异的抗菌膜活性，而不影响其机械性能，这可能会作为一个平台，开发替代抗菌生物材料。
Surface-grown bacteria and production of an extracellular polymeric matrix modulate the assembly of highly cohesive and firmly attached biofilms, making them difficult to remove from solid surfaces. Inhibition of cell growth and inactivation of matrix-producing bacteria can impair biofilm formation and facilitate removal. Here, we developed a novel nonleachable antibacterial composite with potent antibiofilm activity by directly incorporating polymerizable imidazolium-containing resin (antibacterial resin with carbonate linkage; ABR-C) into a methacrylate-based scaffold (ABR-modified composite; ABR-MC) using an efficient yet simplified chemistry. Low-dose inclusion of imidazolium moiety (similar to 2 wt %) resulted in bioactivity with minimal cytotoxicity without compromising mechanical integrity of the restorative material. The antibiofilm properties of ABRMC were assessed using an exopolysaccharide-matrix-producing (EPS-matrix-producing) oral pathogen (Streptococcus mutans) in an experimental biofilm model. Using high-resolution confocal fluorescence imaging and biophysical methods, we observed remarkable disruption of bacterial accumulation and defective 3D matrix structure on the surface of ABR-MC. Specifically, the antibacterial composite impaired the ability of S. mutans to form organized bacterial clusters on the surface, resulting in altered biofilm architecture with sparse cell accumulation and reduced amounts of EPS matrix (versus control composite). Biofilm topology analyses on the control composite revealed a highly organized and weblike EPS structure that tethers the bacterial clusters to each other and to the surface, forming a highly cohesive unit. In contrast, such a structured matrix was absent on the surface of ABR-MC with mostly sparse and amorphous EPS, indicating disruption in the biofilm physical stability. Consistent with lack of structural organization, the defective biofilm on the surface of ABR-MC was readily detached when subjected to low shear stress, while most of the biofilm biomass remained on the control surface. Altogether, we demonstrate a new nonleachable antibacterial composite with excellent antibiofilm activity without affecting its mechanical properties, which may serve as a platform for development of alternative antifouling biomaterials.