A cross-scale model for 3D baroclinic circulation in estuary-plume-shelf systems: II. Application to the Columbia River
A cross-scale model for 3D baroclinic circulation in estuary-plume-shelf systems: II. Application to the Columbia River
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DOI：
10.1016/j.csr.2004.12.003
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Turner, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baptista, AM;Zhang, YL;Turner, PJ
本文是关于 ELCIRC 的两部分论文的第二部分，ELCIRC 是一种欧拉-拉格朗日有限差分/有限体积模型，旨在模拟跨河流到海洋尺度的 3D 斜压环流。在第一部分（Zhang 等人，2004）中，我们描述了 ELCIRC 的制定并评估了其基线数值技能。在这里，我们描述了 ELCIRC 在 CORIE 中的应用，CORIE 是哥伦比亚河口和羽流的沿海边缘观测站。我们首先介绍CORIE建模系统及其多种模拟、外力、观测控制和自动化产品模式。然后，我们重点评估高分辨率、长达一年的 ELCIRC 模拟，使用两个变量（水位和盐度）来说明模拟质量和对建模选择的敏感性。我们表明，从过程角度来看，模拟很好地捕捉了河口和羽流环流对海洋、河流和大气强迫响应的重要方面。从数量上讲，水位得到了强有力的体现，而盐分入侵和羽流动力学仍然具有挑战性。我们的分析强调了在大时间窗口（数月到数年）内进行模型评估的好处，以避免显着的局部偏差。 ELCIRC 的鲁棒性和计算效率已被证明在识别和减少非算法误差源方面具有无价的价值，包括参数化（例如，湍流闭合和空气-水界面处的应力）和外部强迫（例如，海洋条件和大气强迫）。 (c) 2005 年，爱思唯尔有限公司出版。
This article is the second of a two-part paper on ELCIRC, an Eulerian-Lagrangian finite difference/finite volume model designed to simulate 3D baroclinic circulation across river-to-ocean scales. In part one (Zhang et al., 2004), we described the formulation of ELCIRC and assessed its baseline numerical skill. Here, we describe the application of ELCIRC within CORIE, a coastal margin observatory for the Columbia River estuary and plume. We first introduce the CORIE modeling system and its multiple modes of simulation, external forcings, observational controls, and automated products. We then focus on the evaluation of highly resolved, year-long ELCIRC simulations, using two variables (water level and salinity) to illustrate simulation quality and sensitivity to modeling choices. We show that, process-wise, simulations capture well important aspects of the response of estuarine and plume circulation to ocean, river, and atmospheric forcings. Quantitatively, water levels are robustly represented, while salinity intrusion and plume dynamics remain challenging. Our analysis highlights the benefits of conducting model evaluations over large time windows (months to years), to avoid significant localized biases. The robustness and computational efficiency of ELCIRC has proved invaluable in identifying and reducing non-algorithmic sources of errors, including parameterization (e.g., turbulence closure and stresses at the airwater interface) and external forcings (e.g., ocean conditions and atmospheric forcings). (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd.