Gene therapy enters the pharma market: the short story of a long journey.

Gene therapy enters the pharma market: the short story of a long journey.
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DOI:
10.1002/emmm.201202291
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发表时间:
2013-01
影响因子:
11.1
通讯作者:
Buening, Hildegard
Buening, Hildegard
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Buening, Hildegard

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Approximately 20 years ago, gene therapy was first introduced when Michael Blaese and colleagues applied ex vivo modified autologous T cells to children suffering from adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA-SCID), a Mendelian genetic error that causes severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (Blaese et al, 1995). The investigators used retroviral vectors; the most advanced gene delivery system at that time. They transferred a normal copy of adenosine deaminase that, according to the intrinsic features of retroviruses, stably integrated into the cellular genome. While this study demonstrated a proof of concept, years of tremendous efforts both in basic and translational research followed before the first clear evidence for a cure of SCID patients through gene therapy could be reported (Cavazzana-Calvo et al, 2012).Now gene therapy in Europe has taken the next step. In November 2012, the European Commission has granted marketing authorization for the first genetherapy medicine, Glybera®(alipogene tiparvovec), in all 27 European Union member states (http://www. uniqure. com). Glybera has been developed by uniQure (former Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics) for the treatment of patients with familial lipoprotein lipase deficiency (LPLD, synonym: type I hyperlipidaemia).
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