Arsenic species in seafood: Origin and human health implications
Arsenic species in seafood: Origin and human health implications
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DOI：
10.1351/pac-con-09-07-01
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Francesconi, Kevin A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Francesconi, Kevin A.
100多年前首次报道了海洋样品中砷的存在，此后不久，人们发现常见的海产品，如鱼类，甲壳类动物和软体动物含有极高浓度的砷。当时有人指出，这种海鲜砷可能是以有机结合的形式存在的，因为砷的浓度如此之高，如果砷以无机形式存在，它肯定会对食用海鲜的人有毒。20世纪70年代末的调查发现，海产品中砷的主要形式是砷甜菜碱[（CH 3）（3）As+ CH 2COO-]，这是一种无害的有机砷化合物，人体摄入后会迅速从尿液中排出。然而，自这项工作以来，又在海洋生物中发现了50多种砷物种，包括许多重要的食品。对于大多数这些砷化合物，人类毒理学仍然未知。我们将讨论这些化合物的可能来源以及它们在我们食物中存在的影响。
The presence of arsenic in marine samples was first reported over 100 years ago, and shortly thereafter it was shown that common seafood such as fish, crustaceans, and molluscs contained arsenic at exceedingly high concentrations. It was noted at the time that this seafood arsenic was probably present as an organically bound species because the concentrations were so high that if the arsenic had been present as an inorganic species it would certainly have been toxic to the humans consuming seafood. Investigations in the late 1970s identified the major form of seafood arsenic as arsenobetaine [(CH3)(3)As+CH2COO-], a harmless organoarsenic compound which, following ingestion by humans, is rapidly excreted in the urine. Since that work, however, over 50 additional arsenic species have been identified in marine organisms, including many important food products. For most of these arsenic compounds, the human toxicology remains unknown. The current status of arsenic in seafood will be discussed in terms of the possible origin of these compounds and the implications of their presence in our foods.