Structural and mechanical properties of the red blood cell's cytoplasmic membrane seen through the lens of biophysics.
Structural and mechanical properties of the red blood cell's cytoplasmic membrane seen through the lens of biophysics.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2022.953257
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Rheinstadter, Maikel C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Himbert, Sebastian;Rheinstadter, Maikel C.
关键词：
红细胞（RBC）是人体中最丰富的细胞类型，也是氧气的重要供应者。细胞的特征是结构简单，没有内部细胞器。它们的两层外壳由细胞质膜（RBC cm）组成，细胞质膜与血影蛋白细胞骨架相连，使细胞既灵活又能抵抗剪切应力。这些机械性能与其壳的分子组成和组织有着内在的联系。预计细胞质膜在小的纳米长度尺度上主导弹性行为，这与发生在细胞骨架的原纤维之间的细胞过程最相关。几种病理与RBC cm内的结构和组成变化以及细胞的机械特性有关。我们回顾了目前的研究结果在红细胞脂质组学，脂质组织和弹性特性，重点是生物物理技术，如X射线和中子散射，分子动力学模拟，及其生物相关性。在我们目前的理解中，RBC cm的结构是片状的，具有纳米尺寸的液体有序和无序的脂质和肽结构域。同时，它非常柔软，弯曲刚度κ为2-4 kBT。这与目前认为高浓度胆固醇导致膜僵硬的观点形成强烈对比。这种极端的柔软性可能是多不饱和脂质和胆固醇之间相互作用的结果，这也可能发生在其他生物膜中。文献中有强有力的证据表明，整个RBC的κ不存在长度尺度依赖性。
Red blood cells (RBCs) are the most abundant cell type in the human body and critical suppliers of oxygen. The cells are characterized by a simple structure with no internal organelles. Their two-layered outer shell is composed of a cytoplasmic membrane (RBC cm ) tethered to a spectrin cytoskeleton allowing the cell to be both flexible yet resistant against shear stress. These mechanical properties are intrinsically linked to the molecular composition and organization of their shell. The cytoplasmic membrane is expected to dominate the elastic behavior on small, nanometer length scales, which are most relevant for cellular processes that take place between the fibrils of the cytoskeleton. Several pathologies have been linked to structural and compositional changes within the RBC cm and the cell’s mechanical properties. We review current findings in terms of RBC lipidomics, lipid organization and elastic properties with a focus on biophysical techniques, such as X-ray and neutron scattering, and Molecular Dynamics simulations, and their biological relevance. In our current understanding, the RBC cm ’s structure is patchy, with nanometer sized liquid ordered and disordered lipid, and peptide domains. At the same time, it is surprisingly soft, with bending rigidities κ of 2–4 kBT. This is in strong contrast to the current belief that a high concentration of cholesterol results in stiff membranes. This extreme softness is likely the result of an interaction between polyunsaturated lipids and cholesterol, which may also occur in other biological membranes. There is strong evidence in the literature that there is no length scale dependence of κ of whole RBCs.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
10.1
作者：
D'Alessandro A;Fu X;Kanias T;Reisz JA;Culp-Hill R;Guo Y;Gladwin MT;Page G;Kleinman S;Lanteri M;Stone M;Busch MP;Zimring JC;Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III (REDS III)
通讯作者：
Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study-III (REDS III)
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Chen, SH;Liao, CY;Sette, F
通讯作者：
Sette, F
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Auth, Thorsten;Safran, S. A.;Gov, Nir S.
通讯作者：
Gov, Nir S.
原位原子力显微镜观察脂筏的直接证据
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Cai, Mingjun;Zhao, Weidong;Wang, Hongda
通讯作者：
Wang, Hongda
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-396533-2.00006-9
发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
ADVANCES IN PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS AND LIPOSOMES, VOL 15
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bouvrais, Helene
通讯作者：
Bouvrais, Helene