Hyperfine Structure in 4d- and 5d-Shell Atoms
Hyperfine Structure in 4d- and 5d-Shell Atoms
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4d 和 5d 壳层原子的超精细结构
DOI：
10.1007/bfb0044554
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Büttgenbach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Büttgenbach
实验技术的最新进展为原子束磁共振方法开辟了新的应用领域，并提供了有关自由原子超精细结构的广泛新信息。对于具有未填充的 4d 或 5d 电子壳层的过渡元素尤其如此。他们利用原子束磁共振进行的研究是通过开发一种通用方法来产生这些高难熔元素的强原子束而成为可能的。 4d 和 5d 壳层原子的超精细结构特别令人感兴趣，无论是从原子物理学的角度来看，因为这些元素中的大多数都具有许多亚稳态原子态，这些原子状态在蒸发温度下足够多，以允许原子束磁共振研究；从核物理的角度来看，特别是因为 5d 元素位于核图的变形区域。本书描述了 4 维和 5 维元素亚稳态超精细结构的最新实验结果。同时回顾了基于有效算子方法的现代超精细结构理论。通过对这种形式的数据分析，获得了大量关于核基态特性以及过渡元素原子结构的新信息。特别重点详细讨论了相对论和构型相互作用效应对超精细相互作用的影响。
Recent advances in experimental techniques have opened up new fields of applications for the atomic beam magnetic resonance method and provided a broad spectrum of new information on the hyperfine structure of free atoms. This is particularly true for the transition elements with unfilled 4d or 5d electron shells. Their study using atomic beam magnetic resonance was made possible by the development of a universal method of producing intense atomic beams of these highly refractory elements. The hyperfine structure of the 4d-and 5d-shell atoms is of particular interest, both from the standpoint of atomic physics, since most of these elements have many metastable atomic states, which are sufficiently populated at the evaporation temperature to permit atomic beam magnetic resonance studies, and from the standpoint of nuclear physics, since especially the 5d elements lie in a deformed region of the nuclear chart. In this book recent experimental results on the hyperfine structure of metastable states of 4d and 5d elements are described. At the same time, the modern theory of hyperfine structure based on the effective operator approach is reviewed. From an analysis of the data with respect to this formalism a considerable amount of new information is obtained concerning the nuclear ground-state properties as well as the atomic structure of the transition elements. Special emphasis is laid on discussing in detail the influences of relativistic and configuration interaction effects on the hyperfine interaction.