Comparisons of Children's Cognitive Representation of Number: China, France, Japan, Korea, Sweden, and the United States
Comparisons of Children's Cognitive Representation of Number: China, France, Japan, Korea, Sweden, and the United States
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中、法、日、韩、瑞典、美国儿童数字认知表征比较
DOI：
10.1177/016502549401700301
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发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
M. Fayol
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Irene T. Miura;Y. Okamoto;Chungsoon C. Kim;C. Chang;Marcia Steere;M. Fayol
数学成绩的跨国比较显示出有利于亚洲学生的差异。这项研究检验了这样一种观点，即日本、韩国和中国学生优异的数学成绩可能部分归因于数字认知表征的差异，而数字认知表征受到区分亚洲和非亚洲语言群体的数字语言特征的影响。来自中华人民共和国、日本、韩国、法国、瑞典和美国的一年级学生被要求使用以 10 为底的积木来构造各种数字。中国、日本和韩国的孩子更喜欢使用十和个的结构来表示数字；这些结构似乎清楚地体现了地方价值。相比之下，法国、瑞典和美国的儿童则更喜欢使用单位集合，这表明他们将数字表示为一组可计数的物体。与非亚洲语言使用者相比，更多的亚洲语言使用者能够对每个数字做出两种正确的构造，这表明心理数字操作具有更大的灵活性。因此，亚洲数字语言系统的独特特征可能会促进这些语言使用者的数学教学，尤其是计算。
Cross-national comparisons of mathematics achievement have shown differences in favour of Asian students. This study examined the idea that the superior mathematics performance of students from Japan, Korea, and China may be due, in part, to differences in cognitive representation of number that is affected by numerical language characteristics differentiating Asian and non-Asian language groups. First-graders from the People's Republic of China, Japan, Korea, France, Sweden, and the United States were asked to construct various numbers using Base 10 blocks. Chinese, Japanese, and Korean children showed a preference for using a construction of tens and ones to show numbers; place value appeared to be clearly represented in those constructions. French, Swedish, and US children, in contrast, showed a preference for using a collection of units, suggesting that they represent number as a grouping of counted objects. More Asianlanguage speakers than non-Asian-language speakers were also able to make two correct constructions for each number, which suggests greater flexibility of mental number manipulation. Thus, the unique characteristics of the Asian number language system may facilitate the teaching and learning of mathematics, especially computation, for speakers of those languages.