Measuring listening effort: driving simulator versus simple dual-task paradigm.
Measuring listening effort: driving simulator versus simple dual-task paradigm.
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测量听力努力：驾驶模拟器与简单的双任务范例。
DOI：
10.1097/aud.0000000000000079
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bentler,Ruth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu,Yu-Hsiang;Aksan,Nazan;Rizzo,Matthew;Stangl,Elizabeth;Zhang,Xuyang;Bentler,Ruth
目标：双任务范式已被广泛用于测量听力努力。该研究的主要目的是（1）研究助听器放大和助听器定向技术对通过复杂、更真实的双任务范式测量的听力努力的影响，以及（2）将该范式获得的结果与更简单的实验室式双任务范式进行比较。 设计：使用两种双任务范式测量有听力障碍的成年人的听力努力，其中参与者在模拟器中执行语音识别任务，同时执行驾驶任务或在声音处理室中执行视觉反应时间任务。语音识别任务的语音材料和道路噪声是在高速公路上行驶的货车中在三种助听器条件下记录的：无助听器、全向处理辅助（OMNI）和定向处理辅助（DIR）。不同条件下驾驶任务或视觉反应时间任务表现的变化量化了听力努力的变化。结果：与仅驾驶条件相比，随着语音识别任务的增加，驾驶表现显着下降。尽管 OMNI 和 DIR 条件下的语音识别分数高于无辅助条件下的分数，但这三种条件下的驾驶性能相似，这表明听力努力不受放大和定向处理的影响。简单双任务范式的结果显示了类似的趋势：助听器技术提高了语音识别性能，但不影响视觉反应时间任务的性能（即减少听力工作）。使用驾驶范式和视觉反应时间任务范式测量的听力努力之间的相关性显着。研究结果表明，我们的老年（56 至 85 岁）参与者更好的语音识别表现并没有导致听力努力减少，这与评估年轻（大约 20 岁）听力正常成年人的文献不一致。为此，进行了后续研究。在后续研究中，对听力正常的年轻人重复了使用相同语音材料和道路噪音的视觉反应时间双任务实验。与年长参与者的研究结果相反，结果表明定向技术显着提高了语音识别和视觉反应时间任务的性能。结论：添加语音听力任务可以降低驾驶性能。助听器技术显着提高了驾驶时的语音识别能力，但并没有显着减少听力工作。使用模拟现实世界驾驶任务和传统实验室式任务的双任务实验测量的听力努力总体上是一致的。对于给定的聆听环境，助听器技术对听力正常的年轻人的听力努力的好处可能无法完全转化为有听力障碍的老年听众。
Objectives:The dual-task paradigm has been widely used to measure listening effort. The primary objectives of the study were to (1) investigate the effect of hearing aid amplification and a hearing aid directional technology on listening effort measured by a complicated, more real world dual-task paradigm and (2) compare the results obtained with this paradigm to a simpler laboratory-style dual-task paradigm.Design:The listening effort of adults with hearing impairment was measured using two dual-task paradigms, wherein participants performed a speech recognition task simultaneously with either a driving task in a simulator or a visual reaction-time task in a sound-treated booth. The speech materials and road noises for the speech recognition task were recorded in a van traveling on the highway in three hearing aid conditions: unaided, aided with omnidirectional processing (OMNI), and aided with directional processing (DIR). The change in the driving task or the visual reaction-time task performance across the conditions quantified the change in listening effort.Results:Compared to the driving-only condition, driving performance declined significantly with the addition of the speech recognition task. Although the speech recognition score was higher in the OMNI and DIR conditions than in the unaided condition, driving performance was similar across these three conditions, suggesting that listening effort was not affected by amplification and directional processing. Results from the simple dual-task paradigm showed a similar trend: hearing aid technologies improved speech recognition performance, but did not affect performance in the visual reaction-time task (ie, reduce listening effort). The correlation between listening effort measured using the driving paradigm and the visual reaction-time task paradigm was significant. The finding showing that our older (56 to 85 years old) participants’ better speech recognition performance did not result in reduced listening effort was not consistent with literature that evaluated younger (approximately 20 years old), normal hearing adults. Because of this, a follow-up study was conducted. In the follow-up study, the visual reaction-time dual-task experiment using the same speech materials and road noises was repeated on younger adults with normal hearing. Contrary to findings with older participants, the results indicated that the directional technology significantly improved performance in both speech recognition and visual reaction-time tasks.Conclusions:Adding a speech listening task to driving undermined driving performance. Hearing aid technologies significantly improved speech recognition while driving, but did not significantly reduce listening effort. Listening effort measured by dual-task experiments using a simulated real-world driving task and a conventional laboratory-style task was generally consistent. For a given listening environment, the benefit of hearing aid technologies on listening effort measured from younger adults with normal hearing may not be fully translated to older listeners with hearing impairment.