Drug use and fatal motor vehicle crashes: A case-control study
Drug use and fatal motor vehicle crashes: A case-control study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2013.09.001
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发表时间：
2013-11-13
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Chen, Qixuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Guohua;Brady, Joanne E.;Chen, Qixuan
药物驾驶是一个严重的安全问题，但其在机动车碰撞中的作用尚未得到充分研究。使用病例对照设计，作者评估了药物使用和致命车祸风险之间的关系。病例组（n = 737）为2007年特定时间段内在美国大陆发生致命车祸的司机，对照组（n = 7719）为2007年全国路边司机酒精和药物使用调查的参与者。总体而言，31.9%的病例和13.7%的对照组至少有一种非酒精药物检测呈阳性。与特定药物类别相关的致命车祸的估计比值比为1.83 [95%置信区间（CI）：1.39，2.39]，大麻为3.03，（95%CI：2.00，4.48），兴奋剂3.57（95%CI：2.63，4.76），镇静剂4.83（95%CI：3.18，7.21）。酒精和药物检测呈阳性的司机相对于那些既不使用酒精也不使用药物的司机的风险大大增加（比值比= 23.24; 95%CI：17.79，30.28）。这些结果表明，药物使用与致命的碰撞参与的风险显着增加，特别是当与酒精结合使用。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Drugged driving is a serious safety concern, but its role in motor vehicle crashes has not been adequately studied. Using a case-control design, the authors assessed the association between drug use and fatal crash risk. Cases (n = 737) were drivers who were involved in fatal motor vehicle crashes in the continental United States during specific time periods in 2007, and controls (n = 7719) were participants of the 2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers. Overall, 31.9% of the cases and 13.7% of the controls tested positive for at least one non-alcohol drug. The estimated odds ratios of fatal crash involvement associated with specific drug categories were 1.83 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39, 2.39] for marijuana, 3.03 (95% CI: 2.00, 4.48) for narcotics, 3.57 (95% CI: 2.63, 4.76) for stimulants, and 4.83 (95% CI: 3.18, 7.21) for depressants. Drivers who tested positive for both alcohol and drugs were at substantially heightened risk relative to those using neither alcohol nor drugs (Odds Ratio = 23.24; 95% CI: 17.79, 30.28). These results indicate that drug use is associated with a significantly increased risk of fatal crash involvement, particularly when used in combination with alcohol. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.