The Blood-Nerve Barrier: Structure and Functional Significance
The Blood-Nerve Barrier: Structure and Functional Significance
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-60761-938-3_6
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mizisin, Andrew P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weerasuriya, Ananda;Mizisin, Andrew P.
血神经屏障（BNB）限定了轴突、雪旺细胞和周围神经的其他相关细胞发挥功能的生理空间。BNB由神经束内的神经内膜微血管和包埋的神经束膜组成。这两种屏障的有限渗透性保护神经内膜微环境免受血管和其他细胞外空间中的剧烈浓度变化。据推测，神经内稳态机制调节周围轴突和相关的雪旺细胞的微环境。这些机制进行了讨论有关神经发育，华勒变性和神经再生，并导致神经病变。最后，假定的因素负责的细胞和分子控制的BNB渗透性进行了讨论。鉴于神经束膜和神经内膜毛细血管的渗透性调节的动态性质，建议术语血-神经界面（BNI）更好地反映了这些结构在维持神经内膜微环境内稳态中的功能意义。
The blood-nerve barrier (BNB) defines the physiological space within which the axons, Schwann cells, and other associated cells of a peripheral nerve function. The BNB consists of the endoneurial microvessels within the nerve fascicle and the investing perineurium. The restricted permeability of these two barriers protects the endoneurial microenvironment from drastic concentration changes in the vascular and other extracellular spaces. It is postulated that endoneurial homeostatic mechanisms regulate the milieu interieur of peripheral axons and associated Schwann cells. These mechanisms are discussed in relation to nerve development, Wallerian degeneration and nerve regeneration, and lead neuropathy. Finally, the putative factors responsible for the cellular and molecular control of BNB permeability are discussed. Given the dynamic nature of the regulation of the permeability of the perineurium and endoneurial capillaries, it is suggested that the term blood-nerve interface (BNI) better reflects the functional significance of these structures in the maintenance of homeostasis within the endoneurial microenvironment.