Liaisons dangereuses: autophagy, neuronal survival and neurodegeneration
Liaisons dangereuses: autophagy, neuronal survival and neurodegeneration
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.conb.2008.09.015
复制
发表时间：
2008-10
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
S. Tooze;G. Schiavo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Tooze;G. Schiavo
神经元是复杂的分化细胞，具有专门的极化膜域。它们的功能和活力与营养因子的可用性密切相关，但最终取决于连接轴突和树突与远处细胞体的活跃膜运输。神经元由于其极端的极化、大小和有丝分裂后的性质，可能对受损或聚集的胞浆蛋白或膜的积累特别敏感，并依赖自噬来生存。自噬是一种高度保守、普遍存在的溶酶体降解过程，在正常生长环境和异常应激条件下的细胞稳态中发挥着重要作用。尽管最近的证据支持这一假设，但自噬如何保护细胞免受导致神经退行性疾病的损害尚不清楚。
Neurons are complex differentiated cells with specialised, polarised membrane domains. Their function and viability is intimately linked to the availability of trophic factors, but ultimately depends on active membrane transport connecting axons and dendrites with the distant cell body. Neurons, because of their extreme polarisation, size and post-mitotic nature may be uniquely sensitive to the accumulation of damaged or aggregated cytosolic proteins, or membranes, and rely on autophagy for survival. Autophagy is a highly conserved, ubiquitous lysosomal degradative process, which plays an important role in cell homeostasis in both normal growth settings, and abnormal, stressful conditions. Although recent evidence supports this assumption, how autophagy protects cells from damage leading to neurodegeneration is not yet clear.