Ejectors of power plants turbine units efficiency and reliability increasing
Ejectors of power plants turbine units efficiency and reliability increasing
复制标题
发电厂涡轮机组喷射器的效率和可靠性不断提高
DOI：
10.1088/1742-6596/891/1/012249
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. I. Khaet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Aronson;A. Ryabchikov;V.K. Kuptsov;I. B. Murmanskii;Y. Brodov;N. Zhelonkin;S. I. Khaet
汽轮机冷凝系统的运行状况对电厂的运行效率和可靠性影响很大。同时，冷凝系统的运行是由基本喷射器提供的，它保持冷凝器中的真空水平。发展提高弹射器功能效率和可靠性的方法是当今电力工程的现实问题。本文对汽轮机引燃器故障进行了统计分析，揭示了引燃器故障对汽轮机运行可靠性的影响。确定了3%的汽轮机设备故障是喷射器故障。同时，约7%的涡轮故障是由不同的引射器故障引起的。提出了提高喷射器功能指标的开发和批准的设计方案。中间冷却器设计在分离的情况下，因此空气-蒸汽混合物不能从高压区移动到低压区，增加了设备的可维护性。采用u型管，补偿了中冷管的热膨胀效应，增加了传热面积。通过采用喷嘴固定结构，可以改变喷嘴与混合室之间的距离（喷嘴出口位置），从而优化运行性能。在工作条件下进行了30余台串联喷射器的试验研究，以及自行设计的高效三级喷射器EPO-3-80。所设计的顶针的测量方案包括21个指标。介绍了EPO-3-80喷射器流装置不同喷嘴出口位置的试验结果。优化了一次流（水蒸汽）压力。实验数据与计算结果吻合较好。
The functioning of steam turbines condensation systems influence on the efficiency and reliability of a power plant a lot. At the same time, the condensation system operating is provided by basic ejectors, which maintain the vacuum level in the condenser. Development of methods of efficiency and reliability increasing for ejector functioning is an actual problem of up-to-date power engineering. In the paper there is presented statistical analysis of ejector breakdowns, revealed during repairing processes, the influence of such damages on the steam turbine operating reliability. It is determined, that 3% of steam turbine equipment breakdowns are the ejector breakdowns. At the same time, about 7% of turbine breakdowns are caused by different ejector malfunctions. Developed and approved design solutions, which can increase the ejector functioning indexes, are presented. Intercoolers are designed in separated cases, so the air-steam mixture can’t move from the high-pressure zones to the low-pressure zones and the maintainability of the apparatuses is increased. By U-type tubes application, the thermal expansion effect of intercooler tubes is compensated and the heat-transfer area is increased. By the applied nozzle fixing construction, it is possible to change the distance between a nozzle and a mixing chamber (nozzle exit position) for operating performance optimization. In operating conditions there are provided experimental researches of more than 30 serial ejectors and also high-efficient 3-staged ejector EPO-3-80, designed by authors. The measurement scheme of the designed ejector includes 21 indicator. The results of experimental tests with different nozzle exit positions of the ejector EPO-3-80 stream devices are presented. The pressure of primary stream (water steam) is optimized. Experimental data are well-approved by the calculation results.