Understanding Socio-Technical Issues Affecting the Current Microgravity Research Marketplace
Understanding Socio-Technical Issues Affecting the Current Microgravity Research Marketplace
复制标题
了解影响当前微重力研究市场的社会技术问题
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Wood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christine Joseph;D. Wood
几十年来，国际空间站（ISS）一直作为国际合作的堡垒和微重力研究的独特试验台运行。除了能够深入了解太空中的人类生理学之外，国际空间站还充当了众多科学实验的微重力平台。近年来，私营企业也一直与美国宇航局和国际合作伙伴合作，以满足运输、物流管理和有效载荷的需求。管理国际空间站美国国家实验室的太空科学促进中心 (CASIS) 开发了多种私人、公共、国际和外展项目。随着将项目运送到国际空间站的成本降低，限制非传统合作伙伴将国际空间站作为平台的障碍也随之减少。然而，国际空间站目前的形式无法永远维持下去。随着美国宇航局 (NASA) 寻求低地球轨道 (LEO) 空间的商业化和地月空间站的开发，改变国际空间站公私关系的具体计划尚不清楚。由于政府和私营企业一直需要继续进行微重力研究，因此了解影响未来微重力平台市场的社会技术和政策问题对于维持可访问和可持续的太空经济至关重要。美国和其他政府将如何设计公私合作伙伴关系，以实现低地轨道微重力生态系统的经济和社会目标？哪些治理结构将影响谁有资格运营旅游、研究、制造和推广等活动平台？未来LEO微重力生态系统将如何开展国际合作？本文回顾了当前的微重力研究生态系统，重点关注未来潜在的市场动态。
For decades, the International Space Station (ISS) has operated as a bastion of international cooperation and a unique testbed for microgravity research. Beyond enabling insights into human physiology in space, the ISS has served as a microgravity platform for numerous science experiments. In recent years, private industry has also been affiliating with NASA and international partners to offer transportation, logistics management, and payload demands. The Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (CASIS), which manages the ISS U.S. National Laboratory, has developed a diverse portfolio of private, public, international, and outreach projects. As the costs of flying projects to the ISS decrease, the barriers limiting non-traditional partners from accessing the ISS as a platform also decrease. However, the ISS in its current form cannot be sustained forever. As NASA looks towards commercialization of the low Earth orbit (LEO) space and the development of a cislunar station, concrete plans for shifting the public-private relationship of the ISS are unclear. With the consistent need to continue microgravity research - from governments and private industry - understanding the socio-technical and policy issues that affect the marketplace for future microgravity platforms is essential to maintaining an accessible and sustainable space economy. How will the U.S. and other governments design public-private partnerships to pursue economic and social goals in the LEO microgravity ecosystem? What governance structures will influence who is eligible to operate platforms for activities including tourism, research, manufacturing and outreach? How will international collaboration occur in the future LEO microgravity ecosystem? This paper presents a review of the current microgravity research ecosystem with a focus on potential future marketplace dynamics.