Task-dependent workload adjustment of female breeders in a cooperatively breeding fish.
Task-dependent workload adjustment of female breeders in a cooperatively breeding fish.
复制标题
合作繁殖鱼类中雌性饲养员的任务依赖工作量调整。
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arx149
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kohda M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tanaka H;JG Frommen JG;L Engqvist L;Kohda M.
父母的投资影响到未来的生存和繁殖成功的育种。因此，育种者应该优化他们对当前后代的护理投入。在合作育种系统中，育种者的父母照顾的数量受到育雏帮助者的行为的影响。预计这种工作量调整将取决于需要完成的任务。虽然在许多鸟类和哺乳动物物种中，繁殖者在单一任务方面的投资规则得到了很好的研究，但对繁殖者在处理多个任务时的行为调整知之甚少。本文研究了暗新亮丽鲷（Neolamprologus obscurus）雌性繁殖者在多任务中的工作负荷调节。通过结合行为观察与助手去除实验在野生种群中，我们表明，女性的领土防御和后代照顾显着下降，随着助手数量的增加。此外，在这些任务中投入的工作量显着增加后，删除的助手，这表明减轻负荷的影响，在领土防御和后代护理。另一方面，女性的领土维护行为（即，从繁殖棚挖沙）与帮手数量无关。虽然挖沙显着增加后，帮助删除实验，挖掘的石头面积的大小减少后，帮助删除在最近的研究，这表明挖沙可能有累加效应的育种。这些结果表明，并强调任务依赖的工作量调整的重要性，在合作育种。
Parental investment affects the future survival and reproductive success of breeders. Therefore, breeders should optimize the amount of care they invest into the current offspring. In cooperative breeding systems, the amount of breeders’ parental care is influenced by the behavior of brood-care helpers. Such workload adjustment is expected to depend on the task that needs to be fulfilled. While investment rules of breeders in respect to single tasks are well investigated in many bird and mammal species, little is known about behavioral adjustment of breeders when dealing with multiple tasks. Here, we examined the workload adjustment in multiple tasks of female breeders in the cooperatively breeding fishNeolamprologus obscurus. By combining behavioral observations with helper removal experiments in a wild population, we show that female territory defense and offspring care significantly decreased with increasing helper number. Furthermore, the workload invested in these tasks significantly increased after the removal of a helper, suggesting load-lightening effects in territory defense and offspring care. On the other hand, female territory maintenance behavior (i.e., excavating sand from the breeding shelter) did not correlate with helper number. While sand excavation significantly increased after the helper removal experiment, the size of the excavated stone area decreased after the helper removal in the recent study, suggesting that sand excavation may have additive effects for the breeders. These results demonstrate and underline the importance of task-dependent workload adjustment in cooperative breeders.