Hrq1, a homolog of the human RecQ4 helicase, acts catalytically and structurally to promote genome integrity.

Hrq1, a homolog of the human RecQ4 helicase, acts catalytically and structurally to promote genome integrity.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2013.12.037
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发表时间:
2014-01-30
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Zakian VA
Zakian VA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bochman ML;Paeschke K;Chan A;Zakian VA

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人类RecQ4影响癌症和衰老,但它很难研究,因为它是解旋酶和一种基本复制因子的融合。发芽酵母Hrq1与RecQ4的疾病相关解旋酶结构域同源,与hRecQ4一样,是一个强大的3‘-5’解旋酶。此外,Hrq1还具有形成七聚体环的不同寻常的性质。缺乏Hrq1的细胞表现出两种特别危险的DNA损伤表型:对DNA链间交联(ICL)的超敏反应和DNA断裂的端粒增加。这两种活动都很罕见:它们共存于单一蛋白质中是史无前例的。对ICLS的抗性需要解旋酶活性,但抑制端粒添加不需要。Hrq1还通过非催化机制影响端粒长度,以及端粒酶非依赖性的端粒维持。由于Hrq1结合了体内的端粒,它可能直接影响它们。因此,RecQ4的抑瘤活性可能是由于其在ICL修复和/或抑制从头端粒增加中的作用。
Human RecQ4 affects cancer and aging, but it is difficult to study because it is a fusion between a helicase and an essential replication factor. Budding yeast Hrq1 is homologous to the disease-linked helicase domain of RecQ4 and, like hRecQ4, was a robust 3’–5’ helicase. Additionally, Hrq1 had the unusual property of forming heptameric rings. Cells lacking Hrq1 exhibited two particularly dangerous DNA damage phenotypes: hypersensitivity to DNA inter-strand crosslinks (ICLs) and telomere addition to DNA breaks. Both activities are rare: their co-existing in a single protein is unprecedented. Resistance to ICLs required helicase activity, but suppression of telomere addition did not. Hrq1 also affected telomere length by a non-catalytic mechanism, as well as telomerase-independent telomere maintenance. As Hrq1 bound telomeres in vivo, it likely affects them directly. Thus, the tumor suppressing activity of RecQ4 could be due to a role in ICL repair and/or suppressing de novo telomere addition.
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