Visualizing lipid membrane structure with cryo-EM: past, present, and future
Visualizing lipid membrane structure with cryo-EM: past, present, and future
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使用冷冻电镜可视化脂质膜结构：过去、现在和未来
DOI：
10.1042/etls20220090
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Waxham, M. Neal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sharma, Karan D.;Heberle, Frederick A.;Waxham, M. Neal
电子冷冻显微镜(Cryo-EM)的发展在过去的几十年里有了巨大的发展，现在已经在分离和细胞背景下的蛋白质结构分析中得到了广泛的应用。本文综述了低温电子显微镜的发展历史及其在膜结构分析中的应用。蛋白质结构的组织水平之间的相似之处有助于组织对影响膜结构和功能的独特参数的讨论。重要的是，讨论了双层中的脂质运动相对于样品玻璃化的时间尺度，并揭示了在玻璃化样品的冷冻-EM图像中可以可靠地提取出哪种类型的膜结构。考虑到这些局限性，本文综述了低温电子显微镜在研究重组膜和生物衍生膜中有序和无序结构域的侧向组织方面的应用。最后，对低温电子显微镜在膜结构分析中的进一步发展和应用进行了展望。
The development of electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) has evolved immensely in the last several decades and is now well-established in the analysis of protein structure both in isolation and in their cellular context. This review focuses on the history and application of cryo-EM to the analysis of membrane architecture. Parallels between the levels of organization of protein structure are useful in organizing the discussion of the unique parameters that influence membrane structure and function. Importantly, the timescales of lipid motion in bilayers with respect to the timescales of sample vitrification is discussed and reveals what types of membrane structure can be reliably extracted in cryo-EM images of vitrified samples. Appreciating these limitations, a review of the application of cryo-EM to examine the lateral organization of ordered and disordered domains in reconstituted and biologically derived membranes is provided. Finally, a brief outlook for further development and application of cryo-EM to the analysis of membrane architecture is provided.