Self-labeling and its effects among adolescents diagnosed with mental disorders
Self-labeling and its effects among adolescents diagnosed with mental disorders
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.11.003
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Moses, Tally
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moses, Tally
尽管越来越多的青少年被诊断出患有严重的精神疾病，但人们对他们如何看待自己的问题或精神疾病标签对其心理健康的影响知之甚少。这些都是令人高度关注的问题，因为年轻人可能容易遭受耻辱，而且对标签的恐惧或对耻辱的预期是青少年持续利用心理健康服务的常见障碍。本研究采用混合方法采访了 54 名在中西部中等城市接受综合心理健康服务的美国青少年，以考察：(1) 他们使用精神病学术语来描述自己问题的程度（“自我标签”），以及 (2) 青少年的自我标签与心理健康指标（自尊、掌控、抑郁和自我耻辱）之间的关系。探索自我标签与他人负面对待（公众耻辱）、临床和人口因素之间的关联，以确定哪些青少年更有可能进行自我标签。基于修正的标签理论 [Link, B., Cullen, F., & Struening, E. (1989)。精神障碍的改良标签理论方法：实证评估。美国社会学评论，54(3), 400-423.] 和 Thoits 1(1985)。精神疾病中的自我标记过程：情绪偏差的作用。美国社会学杂志，91(2), 221-249.] 研究自我标签，预计许多年轻人不会自我标签，而自我标签者会表现出较差的心理健康。正如预期的那样，调查结果表明，只有少数青少年“自我贴上标签”。大多数人用非病态的术语来概念化他们的问题，或者对他们的问题的性质表现出不确定性或困惑。自我标签的青少年对自我耻辱和抑郁的评价较高，并且掌控感有较低的趋势，但与自尊没有关联。某些特征和经历与更大的自我标签倾向相关，包括：更多的公众耻辱感、开始治疗时的年龄较小以及较高的社会经济地位。这项工作有助于了解青少年遭受污名化标签的经历及其影响的变化。 (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
While youths are increasingly diagnosed with serious psychiatric disorders, little is known about how they conceptualize their own problems or the impact of mental illness labels on their psychological wellbeing. These are matters of great concern because of the potential vulnerability of young people to stigma as well as the fact that fear of labels or anticipation of stigma are common barriers to adolescents' ongoing mental health service utilization. This study uses mixed-method interviews with 54 US adolescents receiving integrated mental health services in a mid-sized mid-Western city to examine: (1) the extent to which they use psychiatric terms to refer to their problems ("self-label"), and (2) the relationships between adolescents' self-labeling and indicators of psychological well-being (self-esteem, mastery, depression and self-stigma). Associations between self-labeling and perceived negative treatment by others (public-stigma), clinical and demographic factors are explored to identify which adolescents are more likely to self-label. Based on Modified Labeling Theory [Link, B., Cullen, F., & Struening, E. (1989). A modified labeling theory approach to mental disorders: An empirical assessment. American Sociological Review, 54(3), 400-423.] and Thoits's 1(1985). Self-labeling processes in mental illness: The role of emotional deviance. American Journal of Sociology, 91(2), 221-249.] work on self-labeling, it was expected that many youth would not self-label and that self-labelers would demonstrate poorer psychological well-being. As expected, the findings indicated that only a minority of adolescents 'self-labeled'. Most conceptualized their problems in non-pathological terms or demonstrated uncertainty or confusion about the nature of their problems. Adolescent who self-labeled reported higher ratings on self-stigma and depression, and a trend toward a lower sense of mastery, but there was no association with self-esteem. Certain characteristics and experiences were correlated with a greater propensity to self-label including: more perceived public-stigma, younger age at initiation of treatment, and higher socio-economic status. This work contributes to knowledge about the variation of adolescents' experiences with stigmatizing labels and their impacts. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.