Disorders of extreme stress: The empirical foundation of a complex adaptation to trauma
Disorders of extreme stress: The empirical foundation of a complex adaptation to trauma
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DOI：
10.1002/jts.20047
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Spinazzola, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van der Kolk, BA;Roth, S;Spinazzola, J
暴露于慢性人际创伤的儿童和成人一贯表现出创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）诊断中未捕获的心理障碍。DSM-IV（美国精神病学协会，1994年）现场试验研究了400名寻求治疗的创伤患者和128名社区居民，发现长期人际创伤的受害者，特别是生命周期早期的创伤，在以下方面出现问题的几率很高：（a）情感和冲动的调节，（B）记忆和注意力，（c）自我感知，（d）人际关系，（e）躯体化;（f）意义系统。这提出了关于创伤后应激的分类与维度性质的重要问题，以及创伤后应激障碍中的共病问题。这些数据邀请进一步探索是什么构成了创伤后精神病理学的全方位有效治疗。
Children and adults exposed to chronic interpersonal trauma consistently demonstrate psychological disturbances that are not captured in the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis. The DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) Field Trial studied 400 treatment-seeking traumatized individuals and 128 community residents and found that victims of prolonged interpersonal trauma, particularly trauma early in the life cycle, had a high incidence of problems with (a) regulation of affect and impulses, (b) memory and attention, (c) self-perception, (d) interpersonal relations, (e) somatization, and (f) systems of meaning. This raises important issues about the categorical versus the dimensional nature of posttraumatic stress, as well as the issue of comorbidity in PTSD. These data invite further exploration of what constitutes effective treatment of the full spectrum of posttraumatic psychopathology.