Sunspot areas and tilt angles for solar cycles 7-10
Sunspot areas and tilt angles for solar cycles 7-10
复制标题
太阳黑子区域和太阳周期的倾斜角度 7-10
DOI：
10.1051/0004-6361/201527080
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Solanki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Senthamizh Pavai;Dasi-Espuig;Krivova;Solanki
目的将关于太阳周期特性的知识延伸到过去，对于理解太阳发电机是必不可少的。本文旨在估算Schwabe在1825 ~ 1867年间观测到的太阳黑子面积，并计算黑子群的倾角。方法Schwabe绘制的太阳黑子尺寸不符合比例，需要转换成物理的太阳黑子区域。我们采用了一种统计方法，假设太阳黑子的面积分布在19世纪和20世纪是一样的。结果获得了Schwabe观测到的约13万个太阳黑子的阴影面积，以及假定黑子群为双极性的黑子群的倾斜角度。当然，在观测中没有极性信息。年平均黑子面积与黑子数量有一定的相关性。我们推导了一个平均倾斜角，试图排除单极群与最小分离的两个所谓的极性和一个离群拒绝方法，遵循每个组的演变，并检测它在衰变时变成单极的时刻。因此，倾斜角度虽然显示出相当大的散射，但平均为5°。85±0，主要极性位于赤道附近，与从20世纪数据集获得的倾角很好地吻合。在倾斜角确定的不确定性的来源进行了讨论，需要解决每当不同的数据集组合。太阳黑子面积和倾斜角度数据由CDS提供。
AimsExtending the knowledge about the properties of solar cycles into the past is essential for understanding the solar dynamo. This paper aims to estimate areas of sunspots observed by Schwabe in 1825−1867 and to calculate the tilt angles of sunspot groups.MethodsThe sunspot sizes in Schwabe’s drawings are not to scale and need to be converted into physical sunspot areas. We employed a statistical approach assuming that the area distribution of sunspots was the same in the 19th century as it was in the 20th century.ResultsUmbral areas for about 130 000 sunspots observed by Schwabe were obtained, as well as the tilt angles of sunspot groups assuming them to be bipolar. There is, of course, no polarity information in the observations. The annually averaged sunspot areas correlate reasonably with sunspot number. We derived an average tilt angle by attempting to exclude unipolar groups with a minimum separation of the two alleged polarities and an outlier rejection method which follows the evolution of each group and detects the moment it turns unipolar at its decay. As a result, the tilt angles, although displaying considerable scatter, average to 5̊.85 ± 0, with the leading polarity located closer to the equator, in good agreement with tilt angles obtained from 20th century data sets. Sources of uncertainties in the tilt angle determination are discussed and need to be addressed whenever different data sets are combined. The sunspot area and tilt angle data are provided at the CDS.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
K. Sivaraman;S. S. Gupta-S.;R. Howard
通讯作者：
K. Sivaraman;S. S. Gupta-S.;R. Howard
太阳小型发电机和太阳黑子群的极性
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Dmitry Sokoloff;A. Khlystova;V. Abramenko
通讯作者：
V. Abramenko
太阳周期中太阳黑子本影的结构不变性：1993 – 2004
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
T. Schad;M. Penn
通讯作者：
M. Penn
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
A. Tlatov;V. Vasil’eva;V. V. Makarova-V.;P. A. Otkidychev
通讯作者：
A. Tlatov;V. Vasil’eva;V. V. Makarova-V.;P. A. Otkidychev
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
E. Illarionov;A. Tlatov;D. Sokoloff
通讯作者：
D. Sokoloff