Direct Lightning Strikes to the Lightning Protective System of a Residential Building: Triggered-Lightning Experiments
Direct Lightning Strikes to the Lightning Protective System of a Residential Building: Triggered-Lightning Experiments
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DOI：
10.1109/mper.2002.4312014
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发表时间：
2002-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
V. Rakov;M. Uman;M.I. Fernandez;C. Mata;K. Rambo;M. V. Stapleton;R. R. Sutil-R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Rakov;M. Uman;M.I. Fernandez;C. Mata;K. Rambo;M. V. Stapleton;R. R. Sutil-R.
在佛罗里达州帕廷营的国际闪电研究和测试中心（ICLRT）的一个测试所的防雷系统中，利用火箭和电线技术从自然雷雨云中触发闪电，以抵御直接雷击。试验室的电路连接到距离试验室约50米的安装式配电变压器的二次线。变压器初级连接到一条650米长的未通电地下电力电缆。试验室有两根接地棒，一根用于防雷系统接地，另一根用于供电系统接地。两根杆子相距约3米，由一根金属电缆连接。将雷击电流注入防雷系统接地棒，测量测试系统各点的电流和电压。试验室接地棒的电流波形与整个系统其他部分的电流波形明显不同。试验室的接地棒似乎过滤掉了雷电电流的高频成分，允许电流的低频成分进入房子的电路；也就是说，接地棒似乎表现出电容性行为，而不是通常预期的电阻性行为。在电导率约为2的沙土中驱动的棒的直流接地电阻中观察到这种效应。
Lightning triggered from natural thunderclouds using the rocket-and-wire technique was employed in order to subject to direct lightning strikes the lightning protective system of a test house at the Intemational Center for Lightning Research and Testing (ICLRT) at Camp Blending, Florida. The electrical circuit of the test house was connected to the secondary of a padmount distribution transformer located a distance of about 50 m from the house. The transformer primary was connected to a 650-m long unenergized underground power cable. The test house had two ground rods, one for the lightning protective system grounding and the other for the power supply system grounding. The two rods were about 3 m apart and were connected by a metallic cable. Lightning current was injected into the lightning protective system ground rod, and the currents and voltages at different points in the test system were measured. The waveshapes of currents in the ground rods of the test house differed markedly from the current waveshapes in other parts of the overall system. The ground rods at the test house appeared to filter out the higher-frequency components of the lightning current, allowing the lower-frequency components of the current to enter the house's electrical circuit; that is, the ground rods appeared to exhibit a capacitive behavior rather than the often expected resistive behavior. This effect was observed for dc grounding resistances of the rods (driven in sandy soil with conductivity of about 2.