Effect of airway opening on production of exhaled particles
Effect of airway opening on production of exhaled particles
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DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00873.2009
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Olin, Anna-Carin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Almstrand, Ann-Charlotte;Bake, Bjorn;Olin, Anna-Carin
Almstrand A，Bake B，Ljugstrom E，Larsson P，Bredberg A，Mirgorodskaya E，Olin A。呼吸道开放对呼出颗粒物产生的影响。应用生理学杂志108：584-588,2010。第一次发表于2010年1月7日；doi：10.1152/japplPhysiol.00873.2009。-呼气采样技术具有吸引力，因为它是非侵入性的，因此允许轻松地重复采样，对患者没有风险。了解生物标志物的来源对于正确理解和解释数据很重要。在呼吸道中形成的内源性颗粒被呼出，并反映呼吸道衬里液体的化学成分。然而，这些颗粒的形成机制和形成部位尚不清楚。我们假设，呼吸道关闭后的呼吸道开放会导致呼出的空气颗粒物的产生。这项研究的目的是检查不同程度的呼吸道关闭后呼出颗粒物的产生。10名健康志愿者进行了三种不同的呼吸动作，吸入前的初始肺容量在功能残气量(FRC)和残气量(RV)之间变化。记录了0.30~2.0微米范围内呼出颗粒物的数量浓度。呼气后呼气颗粒物的数量浓度比未显示出呼吸道关闭的呼气颗粒物浓度增加2至18倍[8,500(810-28,000)对1,300(330-13,000)颗粒物/过期升，P=0.012]。这种差异在较小的颗粒尺寸范围(<；1微米)时最为明显。不同动作的颗粒物浓度之间存在显著的相关性。我们的结果表明，气道关闭后再通是内源性呼气颗粒形成的重要机制，这些颗粒起源于终末细支气管处。
Almstrand A, Bake B, Ljungstrom E, Larsson P, Bredberg A, Mirgorodskaya E, Olin A. Effect of airway opening on production of exhaled particles. J Appl Physiol 108: 584-588, 2010. First published January 7, 2010; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00873.2009.-The technique of sampling exhaled air is attractive because it is noninvasive and so allows repeated sampling with ease and no risk for the patient. Knowledge of the biomarkers' origin is important to correctly understand and interpret the data. Endogenous particles, formed in the airways, are exhaled and reflect chemical composition of the respiratory tract lining fluid. However, the formation mechanisms and formation sites of these particles are unknown. We hypothesize that airway opening following airway closure causes production of airborne particles that are exhaled. The objective of this study was to examine production of exhaled particles following varying degrees of airway closure. Ten healthy volunteers performed three different breathing maneuvers in which the initial lung volume preceding an inspiration to total lung capacity was varied between functional residual capacity (FRC) and residual volume (RV). Exhaled particle number concentrations in the size interval 0.30-2.0 mu m were recorded. Number concentrations of exhaled particles showed a 2- to 18-fold increase after exhalations to RV compared with exhalations where no airway closure was shown [8,500 (810-28,000) vs. 1,300 (330-13,000) particles/expired liter, P = 0.012]. The difference was most noticeable for the smaller size range of particles (< 1 mu m). There were significant correlations between particle concentrations for the different maneuvers. Our results show that airway reopening following airway closure is an important mechanism for formation of endogenous exhaled particles and that these particles originate from the terminal bronchioles.