Rethinking the evolutionary theory of aging: Transfers, not births, shape senescence in social species
Rethinking the evolutionary theory of aging: Transfers, not births, shape senescence in social species
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重新思考衰老的进化理论：社会物种的衰老是由转移而非出生决定的
DOI：
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Ronald Lee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ronald Lee
衰老的经典进化理论解释了为什么死亡率随着年龄的增长而上升：随着个体年龄的增长，一生中剩余的生育力会减少，因此持续生存对生殖健康的贡献也就更小。然而，成功的繁殖往往涉及代际转移和生育。在这里提供的正式理论中，特定年龄对死亡率的选择压力取决于剩余生育率(经典效应)和剩余代际转移的加权平均值。对于处于子代最佳数量-投资权衡的物种来说，只有转移效应决定了死亡率，解释了繁殖后的存活以及为什么幼虫死亡率随着年龄下降。它也解释了低生育率、长寿和增加对后代的投资的演变。
The classic evolutionary theory of aging explains why mortality rises with age: as individuals grow older, less lifetime fertility remains, so continued survival contributes less to reproductive fitness. However, successful reproduction often involves intergenerational transfers as well as fertility. In the formal theory offered here, age-specific selective pressure on mortality depends on a weighted average of remaining fertility (the classic effect) and remaining intergenerational transfers to be made to others. For species at the optimal quantity–investment tradeoff for offspring, only the transfer effect shapes mortality, explaining postreproductive survival and why juvenile mortality declines with age. It also explains the evolution of lower fertility, longer life, and increased investments in offspring.