The emerging immunological role of post-translational modifications by reactive nitrogen species in cancer microenvironment.
The emerging immunological role of post-translational modifications by reactive nitrogen species in cancer microenvironment.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2014.00069
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Bronte V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Sanctis F;Sandri S;Ferrarini G;Pagliarello I;Sartoris S;Ugel S;Marigo I;Molon B;Bronte V
在许多炎症环境下，如肿瘤进展，全身和外周免疫反应是由依赖于反应氮物种(RNS)的翻译后修饰来调节的，这表明这些化学变化具有生物学功能。RNS修饰诱导和维持肿瘤特异性免疫反应所必需的可溶因子和受体，形成一种“化学屏障”，损害肿瘤微环境中效应T细胞的渗透和功能，并支持癌症的逃逸阶段。肿瘤生长过程中RNS的生成主要依赖于肿瘤细胞和肿瘤浸润性髓系细胞产生一氧化氮，后者构成了L-精氨酸分解代谢的基本代谢途径。本文综述了RNS诱导的修饰在免疫学和生物学上的潜在作用，并针对RNS寻找新的生物标记物或改善抗癌治疗提出了新的方法。
Under many inflammatory contexts, such as tumor progression, systemic and peripheral immune response is tailored by reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-dependent post-translational modifications, suggesting a biological function for these chemical alterations. RNS modify both soluble factors and receptors essential to induce and maintain a tumor-specific immune response, creating a “chemical barrier” that impairs effector T cell infiltration and functionality in tumor microenvironment and supports the escape phase of cancer. RNS generation during tumor growth mainly depends on nitric oxide production by both tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells that constitutively activate essential metabolic pathways of l-arginine catabolism. This review provides an overview of the potential immunological and biological role of RNS-induced modifications and addresses new approaches targeting RNS either in search of novel biomarkers or to improve anti-cancer treatment.