Multi-instrument study of a spread-F event at Arecibo linked to solar wind variations
Multi-instrument study of a spread-F event at Arecibo linked to solar wind variations
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jastp.2023.106099
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发表时间：
2023-07-05
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Robinson，Robert M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bostan，Salih Mehmed;Urbina，Julio;Robinson，Robert M.
使用五个不同的数据集，我们表明，显然是本地电离层扩展F活动，观察到的高频雷达和阿雷西博天文台（AO）非相干散射雷达（ISR）地磁安静的条件下，可能是一个中尺度或更大的电离层响应相对较弱的太阳风活动的本地表现。太阳风活动包括一个弱的压力脉冲和行星际磁场（IMF）重新排列事件。位于AO附近的4.42 MHz雷达和双波束430 MHz AO ISR观测到中纬度扩展F活动。此外，耦合，能量学和动力学的大气区域（CEDAR）牧歌全球导航卫星系统-总电子含量（GNSS-TEC），美国航天局OMNI和SuperMAG数据集被用来建立（中尺度/全球）广泛的背景下，当地的深层次雷达结果。虽然ISR事件似乎是“经典的”本地扩展F，通常归因于帕金斯等离子体不稳定性，高频雷达揭示了大的电离层结构与ISR事件相一致。然而，显然AO本地事件是一个非常动态的中尺度事件的一部分，持续了十多个小时，显示通过独立的AO扇区和AO共轭扇区keogram构造使用去趋势的垂直TEC（delta-vTEC）数据。Keogram图揭示了一个显著的F区特征，即从西向东传播，然后再向西传播，经过AO两次。这一中尺度事件的ISR表现与几十年来被假定为严格“局部”的类似ISR结果没有区别。强烈的非本地（中尺度）属性所揭示的delta-vTEC keogram表明可能的空间天气的影响。对相关的美国航天局OMNI太阳风和超级MAG磁强计数据的研究表明，包括IMF重新排列在内的太阳风特征不大，可能是在几乎没有时间延迟的情况下以电动方式发射了观测到的中尺度电离层事件。鉴于明显的快速电离层响应的太阳风功能，我们建议，有限的纬度尺度，即时穿透电场（PPEF），与高度本地化的部分环电流活动，被认为是在我们的观测系统的系统背景下。在任何情况下，都证明需要在各种各样的仪器和数据集上研究磁层/电离层电动力学。
Using five diverse data sets, we demonstrate that apparently local ionospheric spread-F activity, observed with an HF radar and the Arecibo Observatory (AO) Incoherent Scatter Radars (ISR) under geomagnetically quiet conditions, is likely the local manifestation of a mesoscale or larger ionospheric response to relatively weak solar wind activity. The solar wind activity included a weak pressure pulse and Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) realignment events. The mid-latitude spread-F activity was observed with a 4.42 MHz radar located near AO and the dual-beam 430 MHz AO ISRs. Additionally, the Coupling, Energetics and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions (CEDAR) Madrigal Global Navigation Satellite System-Total Electron Content (GNSS-TEC), the NASA OMNI, and the SuperMAG datasets were used to establish the (mesoscale/global) wide-context of the local, deep-context radar results. While the ISR event appears to be “classical” local spread-F, often attributed to Perkins-like plasma instabilities, the HF radar reveals large ionospheric structures coincident with the ISR event. However, that the apparently AO-local event was part of a very dynamic mesoscale event that lasted for over ten hours, is shown via independent AO-sector and AO-conjugate sector keograms constructed using detrended vertical TEC (delta-vTEC) data. The keograms reveal a prominent F-region feature thatappearsto propagate from west-to-east and then back to the west passing over AO twice. The ISR manifestation of this mesoscale event is indistinguishable from decades of similar ISR results which were assumed to be strictly “local”. The strong non-local (mesoscale) properties revealed by the delta-vTEC keograms suggest a possible space weather influence. Study of the relevant NASA OMNI solar wind and superMAG magnetometer data points to modest solar wind features including IMF realignment that may have electrodynamically launched, with little time delay, the observed mesoscale ionospheric events. Given the apparent rapid ionospheric response to the solar wind features, we suggest that limited latitudinal scale, prompt penetration electric fields (PPEF), associated with highly-localized partial ring current activity, be considered in the system-of-systems context of our observations. In any case, the need to examine magnetospheric/ionospheric electrodynamics across a wide range of instruments and data sets is demonstrated.