Growth characteristics underlying the lack of a chin in pigs: a histomorphometric study.
Growth characteristics underlying the lack of a chin in pigs: a histomorphometric study.
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猪缺乏下巴的生长特征：组织形态计量学研究。
DOI：
10.1111/ocr.12101
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Sun,Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Price,J;Tee,BC;Vig,K;Shanker,S;Kennedy,K;Sun,Z
结构摘要目的尽管猪的下颌骨生长与人类相似，但猪的下颌骨却没有像大多数人类那样突出。为了了解这种分歧是否有助于差异，在当地的联合生长，该项目的特点是骨建模活动在联合的表面幼年pigs.Material和MethodsSymphyseal标本从两个年龄组（4-和6-月大，n = 10）进行了处理，并没有脱钙，这是表面矿物质沉积和骨吸收，分别进行了评估的组织切片。在盲法中，测量四个参数（MAR：矿物沉积速率，MAZ：矿物沉积带，ES/BS：侵蚀表面，OC.N/BS：破骨细胞数量），并通过多变量双因素混合模型方差分析（ANOVA）对联合区域和年龄之间的差异进行检验。猪联合唇和舌表面水平取向，并分别以矿物质沉积和骨吸收为特征。从数量上看，4个月时唇侧矿物沉积倾向于吻侧大于尾侧，6个月时尾侧大于吻侧（区域/年龄相互作用：MAR p= 0.127，MAZ p= 0.012）。舌骨吸收往往是更大的尾部比喙，但只有ES/BS测量显着（p= 0.039），无论年龄，而OC.N/BS测量随年龄和区域（年龄/区域相互作用，p= 0.087）。
Structured AbstractObjectivesDespite similar mandibular growth to that of humans, pigs lack a chin projection as shown in most humans. To understand whether this divergence is contributed to differences in local symphyseal growth, this project characterized bone modeling activities at the symphyseal surfaces of juvenile pigs.Material and MethodsSymphyseal specimens from two age groups (4‐ and 6‐month‐old, n = 10) were processed into histological sections with and without decalcification, which were assessed for surface mineral apposition and bone resorption, respectively. In a blinded fashion, measurements of four parameters (MAR: mineral apposition rate, MAZ: mineral apposition zone, ES/BS: eroded surface and OC.N/BS: osteoclast number) were obtained and tested by a multivariate two‐way mixed‐model analyses of variance (manova) for the differences between symphyseal regions and ages.ResultsQualitatively, pig symphyseal labial and lingual surfaces were horizontally oriented and characterized by mineral apposition and bone resorption, respectively. Quantitatively, labial mineral apposition tended to be greater rostrally than caudally at 4 months, which became greater caudally than rostrally at 6 months (region/age interactions:p= 0.127 for MAR,p= 0.012 for MAZ). Lingual bone resorption tended to be greater caudally than rostrally, but only ES/BS measurements were significant (p= 0.039) regardless of age, while OC.N/BS measurements varied with ages and regions (age/region interaction,p= 0.087).ConclusionsInsufficient differential in symphyseal surface modeling between the labial–caudal and labial–rostral regions contributes to the lack of chin projection in the pig.