SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: Epidemiological Features, Biological Characteristics, and Clinical Significance.
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant: Epidemiological Features, Biological Characteristics, and Clinical Significance.
复制标题
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron 变种：流行病学特征、生物学特征和临床意义
DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2022.877101
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1529) 变种于 2021 年 11 月 26 日被世界卫生组织 (WHO) 指定为关注变种 (VOC)。两个月内，它取代了 Delta 变种，成为全球主要的流行变种。 Omicron 变体拥有前所未有的突变数量，特别是在刺突蛋白中，这可能会影响其生物学和临床方面。初步研究表明，传播性增加和中和抗体保护作用降低导致了该变种的快速传播，对控制 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行构成了重大挑战。然而，这波 Omicron 变体也有一线希望。在主要国家中观察到住院和死亡风险较低。加强疫苗接种也显着减少了中和作用。抗病毒药物受到的影响很小。而且，Fc介导的免疫和T细胞免疫的功能在很大程度上得到了保留，这两者对于预防严重疾病都发挥着关键作用。
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1529) variant was designated as a variant of concern (VOC) by the World Health Organization (WHO) on November 26, 2021. Within two months, it had replaced the Delta variant and had become the dominant circulating variant around the world. The Omicron variant possesses an unprecedented number of mutations, especially in the spike protein, which may be influencing its biological and clinical aspects. Preliminary studies have suggested that increased transmissibility and the reduced protective effects of neutralizing antibodies have contributed to the rapid spread of this variant, posing a significant challenge to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. There is, however, a silver lining for this wave of the Omicron variant. A lower risk of hospitalization and mortality has been observed in prevailing countries. Booster vaccination also has ameliorated a significant reduction in neutralization. Antiviral drugs are minimally influenced. Moreover, the functions of Fc-mediated and T-cell immunity have been retained to a great extent, both of which play a key role in preventing severe disease.