A review of the impacts of degradation threats on soil properties in the UK.
A review of the impacts of degradation threats on soil properties in the UK.
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DOI：
10.1111/sum.12212
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Whitmore AP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gregory AS;Ritz K;McGrath SP;Quinton JN;Goulding KW;Jones RJ;Harris JA;Bol R;Wallace P;Pilgrim ES;Whitmore AP
各国政府越来越意识到其土壤资源的重要性，并正在制定相应的战略。任何此类战略都意味着要界定和理解退化威胁及其对重要土壤特性和功能的潜在影响。在本文中，我们的目的是审查在英国的重要土壤特性的主要退化威胁，在可能的情况下，寻求定量数据。土壤侵蚀导致重要的表土流失，随之流失的还有养分、碳和孔隙。土壤有机质的减少主要影响土壤的生物和微生物特性，但由于与土壤结构的联系，也影响土壤的物理特性。土壤污染会影响土壤的化学性质，影响养分的供应并降低微生物的特性，而土壤压实则会降低土壤孔隙网络。土壤封闭消除了土壤与大多数“球体”之间的联系，显著影响了水文和微生物功能，并且重新开发的布朗菲尔德上的土壤通常在大多数土壤特性方面都发生了退化。在综合了对土壤性质影响的文献后，我们讨论了对重要土壤功能的潜在后续影响，包括粮食和纤维生产，水和C的储存，对生物多样性的支持，以及文化和考古遗产的保护。展望未来，我们提出了一种由受控实验室实验支持的基于实地监测的双重方法，以提高我们对土壤的机械理解。这将使我们能够更好地预测退化过程，包括气候变化对土壤性质和功能的未来影响，以便我们可以可持续地管理土壤资源。
National governments are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of their soil resources and are shaping strategies accordingly. Implicit in any such strategy is that degradation threats and their potential effect on important soil properties and functions are defined and understood. In this paper, we aimed to review the principal degradation threats on important soil properties in the UK, seeking quantitative data where possible. Soil erosion results in the removal of important topsoil and, with it, nutrients, C and porosity. A decline in soil organic matter principally affects soil biological and microbiological properties, but also impacts on soil physical properties because of the link with soil structure. Soil contamination affects soil chemical properties, affecting nutrient availability and degrading microbial properties, whilst soil compaction degrades the soil pore network. Soil sealing removes the link between the soil and most of the ‘spheres’, significantly affecting hydrological and microbial functions, and soils on re‐developed brownfield sites are typically degraded in most soil properties. Having synthesized the literature on the impact on soil properties, we discuss potential subsequent impacts on the important soil functions, including food and fibre production, storage of water and C, support for biodiversity, and protection of cultural and archaeological heritage. Looking forward, we suggest a twin approach of field‐based monitoring supported by controlled laboratory experimentation to improve our mechanistic understanding of soils. This would enable us to better predict future impacts of degradation processes, including climate change, on soil properties and functions so that we may manage soil resources sustainably.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Bellamy, PH;Loveland, PJ;Kirk, GJD
通讯作者：
Kirk, GJD
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Atkinson, N. R.;Young, S. D.;Bailey, E. H.
通讯作者：
Bailey, E. H.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
BENTHAM, H;HARRIS, JA;SHORT, KC
通讯作者：
SHORT, KC
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Bradley, RI;Milne, R;Higgins, A
通讯作者：
Higgins, A
影响因子：
6.7
作者：
Bowman, Elisabeth T.;Take, W. Andrew
通讯作者：
Take, W. Andrew