Increases in steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) redd abundance resulting from two conservation hatchery strategies in the Hamma Hamma River, Washington
Increases in steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) redd abundance resulting from two conservation hatchery strategies in the Hamma Hamma River, Washington
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DOI：
10.1139/f08-014
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Lee-Waltermire, Joy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berejikian, Barry A.;Johnson, Thom;Lee-Waltermire, Joy
保护孵化场的溯河产卵鲑，旨在增加产量和最大限度地减少遗传，生态和人口风险尚未进行实验测试，其能力，以增加成年人产卵在自然环境中。钢头保护孵化场计划（即，海跑虹鳟鱼，虹鳟鱼）在这项研究中评估的增加，造成补充Hamma Hamma河中的红色的数量相比，presupplementation期间。三个对照种群（未补充）在同一时期保持稳定或下降。从孵化器产生的产卵器的redd的增加并没有减少redd的生产从自然来源的产卵器。饲养和释放虹鳟成虫的策略对redd丰度的增加贡献最大。环境引起的差异，产卵时间之间的成人释放组和溯河产卵的成人孵化场和自然起源的可能解释了为什么成人释放组和溯河产卵的成年人在产卵场形成配对组合。虽然圈养成年人产生了大部分的红细胞在他们被释放的年份，在相当数量的，不确定性的相对繁殖成功的这种策略建议谨慎推荐一种策略。在设法尽量减少负面生态后果的同时，对自然产卵的种群进行了人口刺激。
Conservation hatcheries for anadromous salmonids that aim to increase production and minimizing genetic, ecological, and demographic risks have not been experimentally tested for their ability to increase number of adults spawning in the natural environment. The conservation hatchery program for steelhead (i.e., sea-run rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss) evaluated in this study caused an increase in the number of redds in the supplemented Hamma Hamma River compared with the presupplementation period. Three control populations (nonsupplemented) either remained stable or declined over the same period. The increase in redds from hatchery-produced spawners did not reduce the redd production from natural-origin spawners. The strategy of rearing and releasing adult steelhead accounted for the greatest proportion of redd abundance increases. Environmentally induced differences in spawn timing between the adult release group and anadromous adults of hatchery and natural origin may explain why the adult release group and anadromous adults assortatively formed pairing combinations on the spawning grounds. Although captively reared adults produced the majority of redds in years they were released in substantial numbers, uncertainty regarding the relative reproductive success of this strategy suggests caution in recommending one strategy over the other. A demographic boost to the naturally spawning population was effected while managing to minimize negative ecological consequences.