Tandem Action of Natural and Chemical Stressors in Stream Ecosystems: Insights from a Population Genetic Perspective.
Tandem Action of Natural and Chemical Stressors in Stream Ecosystems: Insights from a Population Genetic Perspective.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.8b01259
复制
发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
P. Inostroza;I. Vera-Escalona;R. Wild;H. Norf;M. Brauns
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Inostroza;I. Vera-Escalona;R. Wild;H. Norf;M. Brauns
农业和城市土地利用在上个世纪急剧增加，其后果之一是向水生生态系统释放人为化学物质。土地利用变化对水生无脊椎动物体内有机微污染物（OMPs）浓度的影响及其对其基因型多样性的影响是很少研究的后果之一。在这里，我们应用种群遗传和内部浓度的OMPs分析来确定化学污染对来自自然和两个农业溪流的Gammarus pulex种群的进化影响。在连续14个月的采样过程中，我们量化了26种不同的omp，这些omp在人为胁迫的河流生态系统中数量、浓度和毒性压力最高。我们的研究结果表明，在受人类活动影响的河流中，不同的内部OMP分布以及遗传变异和遗传结构的变化。遗传变异归因于化学污染，而遗传结构的变化归因于环境干扰，如受影响河流生态系统的排放变化，这些变化既独立又协同作用。最后，我们得出结论，与未受影响的河流生态系统相比，受人类影响的河流遭受了种群遗传模式的严重改变。
Agricultural and urban land use has dramatically increased over the last century and one consequence is the release of anthropogenic chemicals into aquatic ecosystems. One of the rarely studied consequences is the effect of land use change on internal concentrations of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in aquatic invertebrates and its effects on their genotype diversity. Here, we applied population genetic and internal concentrations of OMPs analyses to determine evolutionary implications of chemical pollution on Gammarus pulex populations from a natural and two agricultural streams. Along 14 consecutive months sampled, 26 different OMPs were quantified in G. pulex extracts with the highest number, concentration, and toxic pressure in the anthropogenically stressed stream ecosystems. Our results indicate distinct internal OMP profiles and changes in both genetic variation and genetic structure in streams affected by anthropogenic activity. Genetic variation was attributed to chemical pollution whereas changes in the genetic structure were attributed to environmental disturbances, such as changes in discharge in the impacted stream ecosystems, which worked both independently and in tandem. Finally, we conclude that human-impacted streams are subjected to severe alterations in their population genetic patterns compared to nonimpacted stream ecosystems.