The effect of self-referent material on the reasoning of people with delusions
The effect of self-referent material on the reasoning of people with delusions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.2044-8260.1997.tb01262.x
复制
发表时间：
1997-11-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Over, DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dudley, REJ;John, CH;Over, DE
研究表明，患有妄想症的人在推理中既有普遍性偏见（Hug、Garety 和 Hemsley，1988 年），也有特定内容偏见（Bentall，1994 年）。我们在这里关心的是，当有妄想的人在相对抽象的任务上进行推理时所发现的仓促是否会出现在更现实的任务上。第二个担忧是，使用显着或情感材料进行推理是否会增加妄想者的仓促偏见。使用两个版本的概率推理任务来研究妄想者的数据收集。第一个版本采用了现实但情感中立的材料。与精神病组和正常对照组相比，有妄想症的人在做出决定之前要求的证据较少。因此，以前在抽象材料上发现的仓促被认为可以推广到更现实的任务。在第二个版本中，参与者被要求用具有情感内容并且可能被认为对个人有意义的材料进行推理。在这种情况下，所有小组在做出决定之前都减少了所需的证据数量。
People with delusions have been shown to have both generalized (Hug, Garety & Hemsley, 1988) and content-specific biases in reasoning (Bentall, 1994). Our concern here was whether the hastiness that has been found when people with delusions reason on relatively abstract tasks would be present on a more realistic task. A second concern was whether reasoning with salient or emotional material would increase the hastiness bias in people with delusions.Two versions of a probabilistic reasoning task were used to study the data gathering of people with delusions. The first version employed realistic but emotionally neutral material. People with delusions requested less evidence before making a decision than psychiatric and normal comparison groups. Therefore, the hastiness found previously with abstract materials was seen to generalize to a more realistic task. In the second version participants were required to reason with material that had an emotional content and may have been regarded as being personally meaningful. In this condition all groups reduced the amount of evidence requested before making a decision.