Variation in herbivore space use: comparing two savanna ecosystems with different anthrax outbreak patterns in southern Africa.
Variation in herbivore space use: comparing two savanna ecosystems with different anthrax outbreak patterns in southern Africa.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40462-023-00385-2
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发表时间：
2023-07-31
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Turner, Wendy C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Yen-Hua;Owen-Smith, Norman;Henley, Michelle D.;Kilian, J. Werner;Kamath, Pauline L.;Ochai, Sunday O.;van Heerden, Henriette;Mfune, John K. E.;Getz, Wayne M.;Turner, Wendy C.
关键词：
资源的分布可以影响动物活动范围的大小，这反过来又可能改变异质环境中的传染病动态。病原体暴露的风险或爆发的空间范围可能因宿主范围大小而异。本研究探讨了两种生态系统中食草性炭疽宿主物种的范围大小以及多宿主环境传播病原体的空间移动行为与疾病爆发模式之间的关系。我们研究了7个宿主物种的范围大小和空间范围内的炭疽疫情埃托沙国家公园，纳米比亚和克鲁格国家公园，南非，那里的主要宿主物种和爆发规模不同。我们评估主机范围的大小，在不同的时间尺度上，使用局部凸船体的方法，在个人的时间范围重叠，和测距行为和物种之间的关系，炭疽病例在每个公园。我们估计了每年炭疽死亡率的空间范围，并评估了该范围是否与给定宿主物种的病例数相关。物种间的范围大小差异与炭疽病例数没有线性关系。在克鲁格的主要宿主物种有小的范围大小和高范围重叠，这可能会增加风险时，爆发发生在其范围内。然而，在埃托沙观察到不同的模式，那里的主要宿主物种有很大的范围大小和相对较少的重叠。炭疽死亡率的空间范围是相似的公园之间，但在埃托沙比克鲁格变量。在克鲁格，疫情从小的地方集群到大面积，空间范围与病例数和受影响的物种相关。第二宿主物种贡献相对较少的情况下爆发，但是，对于这些物种与大范围的大小，病例数呈正相关的爆发程度。我们的研究结果提供了新的信息炭疽宿主物种在两个生态系统中的测距运动的时空结构。炭疽病的动态主机空间使用的结果是相关的，但表明，虽然部分和接近，主机范围的大小和重叠可能是环境传播的病原体的爆发特征的促成因素。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s40462-023-00385-2获取。
The distribution of resources can affect animal range sizes, which in turn may alter infectious disease dynamics in heterogenous environments. The risk of pathogen exposure or the spatial extent of outbreaks may vary with host range size. This study examined the range sizes of herbivorous anthrax host species in two ecosystems and relationships between spatial movement behavior and patterns of disease outbreaks for a multi-host environmentally transmitted pathogen. We examined range sizes for seven host species and the spatial extent of anthrax outbreaks in Etosha National Park, Namibia and Kruger National Park, South Africa, where the main host species and outbreak sizes differ. We evaluated host range sizes using the local convex hull method at different temporal scales, within-individual temporal range overlap, and relationships between ranging behavior and species contributions to anthrax cases in each park. We estimated the spatial extent of annual anthrax mortalities and evaluated whether the extent was correlated with case numbers of a given host species. Range size differences among species were not linearly related to anthrax case numbers. In Kruger the main host species had small range sizes and high range overlap, which may heighten exposure when outbreaks occur within their ranges. However, different patterns were observed in Etosha, where the main host species had large range sizes and relatively little overlap. The spatial extent of anthrax mortalities was similar between parks but less variable in Etosha than Kruger. In Kruger outbreaks varied from small local clusters to large areas and the spatial extent correlated with case numbers and species affected. Secondary host species contributed relatively few cases to outbreaks; however, for these species with large range sizes, case numbers positively correlated with outbreak extent. Our results provide new information on the spatiotemporal structuring of ranging movements of anthrax host species in two ecosystems. The results linking anthrax dynamics to host space use are correlative, yet suggest that, though partial and proximate, host range size and overlap may be contributing factors in outbreak characteristics for environmentally transmitted pathogens. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40462-023-00385-2.
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