In search of integrated specificity: comment on Denson, Spanovic, and Miller (2009).
In search of integrated specificity: comment on Denson, Spanovic, and Miller (2009).
复制标题
寻求综合特异性：对 Denson、Spanovic 和 Miller (2009) 的评论。
DOI：
10.1037/a0017440
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
Miller,GregoryE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller,GregoryE
心理学家长期以来一直对整合的特异性假说感兴趣，该假说认为，应激源引起相当不同的行为、情绪和生物反应，这些反应是由选择性压力塑造的，以满足环境的特定需求。本期《心理学简报》对TFDenson、M.Spanovic和N.Miller提出的这一命题的证据进行了元分析综述(见《记录》2009年至19763-2001年)。他们的综述得出的结论是，元分析结果支持“整合特异性模型背后的核心概念”(第845页)，并揭示“在应激事件的背景下，生物体在多个层面(即认知、情绪、生理)产生整合和协调的反应”(第845页)。我认为，考虑到这些数据，这样的结论是没有根据的。除了对皮质醇的一些影响外，几乎没有特异性的证据，而且大多数重要的发现都是偶然的。我还认为丹森等人。没有考虑到与特异性假说有关的一些重要证据来源，特别是评估和情绪如何与自主神经系统终点和免疫反应的功能指标相关联。如果选择性压力确实导致了一种综合的压力反应，那么几乎可以肯定的是，这类途径也会参与其中。通过从荟萃分析中省略这些结果，Denson等人。忽视了可能是对特异性假说最确凿的检验。因此，这个领域又回到了起点：对综合专用性的概念有很大的好感，但几乎没有确凿的证据来驳斥或接受它。
Psychologists have long been interested in the integrated specificity hypothesis, which maintains that stressors elicit fairly distinct behavioral, emotional, and biological responses that are molded by selective pressures to meet specific demands from the environment. This issue of Psychological Bulletin features a meta-analytic review of the evidence for this proposition by TF Denson, M. Spanovic, and N. Miller (see record 2009-19763-001). Their review concluded that the meta-analytic findings support the “core concept behind the integrated specificity model”(p. 845) and reveal that “within the context of a stressful event, organisms produce an integrated and coordinated response at multiple levels (ie, cognitive, emotional, physiological)”(p. 845). I argue that conclusions such as this are unwarranted, given the data. Aside from some effects for cortisol, little evidence of specificity was presented, and most of the significant findings reported would be expected by chance alone. I also contend that Denson et al. failed to consider some important sources of evidence bearing on the specificity hypothesis, particularly how appraisals and emotions couple with autonomic nervous system endpoints and functional indices of immune response. If selective pressures did give rise to an integrated stress response, such pathways almost certainly would have been involved. By omitting such outcomes from the meta-analysis, Denson et al. overlooked what are probably the most definitive tests of the specificity hypothesis. As a result, the field is back where it started: with a lot of affection for the concept of integrated specificity but little in the way of definitive evidence to refute or accept it.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)